An Introduction to Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are the two main types of cells found in living organisms. Prokaryotic cells are simple, smaller, and lack a nucleus, found in bacteria and archaea. Eukaryotic cells are larger, complex, and have a nucleus, present in plants, animals, fungi, and protists.
Comparison Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells:
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FAQs on Difference Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell
1. What are the 5 differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
The 5 differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are:
Nucleus
Size
Organelles
DNA Structure
Cell Division
2. What is prokaryotic?
A prokaryotic cell is a simple, single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Examples include bacteria and archaea.
3. What are eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells are complex cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and the endoplasmic reticulum. They are found in plants, animals, fungi, and protists.
4. Is DNA prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
DNA is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. However:
Prokaryotic DNA is circular and located in the nucleoid region.
Eukaryotic DNA is linear and enclosed in the nucleus.
5. What is an example of a prokaryote?
Examples of prokaryotes include:
Bacteria (Escherichia coli, Streptococcus)
Archaea (Methanogens, Halophiles)
6. What is a cell wall called?
The cell wall is a rigid outer layer that provides structure and protection to some cells. In different organisms, it is called:
Peptidoglycan cell wall – in bacteria
Cellulose cell wall – in plants
Chitin cell wall – in fungi
7. What are the four different types of eukaryotes?
The four types of eukaryotic organisms are:
Animals (e.g., humans, dogs, insects)
Plants (e.g., trees, flowers, algae)
Fungi (e.g., mushrooms, yeast, mold)
Protists (e.g., amoeba, paramecium)
8. Is a human a prokaryote or eukaryote?
Humans are eukaryotic because their cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
9. What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation?
Prokaryotic translation occurs in the cytoplasm and starts immediately after transcription.
Eukaryotic translation occurs in the cytoplasm, but transcription happens in the nucleus, requiring mRNA processing before translation.
10. Where is DNA located in a eukaryotic cell?
DNA in a eukaryotic cell is mainly found in the nucleus, but some DNA is also present in mitochondria and chloroplasts (in plant cells).
