NEET Biology Syllabus 2025

Biology Class 11 Deleted Syllabus

Biology Class 12 Deleted Syllabus

Unit

Topics Removed

Unit

Topics Removed

Unit II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

• Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect (Frog). (Brief account only)

Unit I: Reproduction

• Reproduction in organisms: Reproduction, a characteristic feature of all organisms for continuation of species; Modes of reproduction – Asexual and sexual; Asexual reproduction; Modes-Binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule, fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants.

Unit IV: Plant Physiology

• Transport in plants: Movement of water, gases and nutrients; Cell to cell transport-Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport; Plant – water relations – Imbibition, water potential, osmosis, plasmolysis; Long distance transport of water – Absorption, apoplast, symplast, transpiration pull, root pressure and guttation; Transpiration-Opening and closing of stomata; Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients-Transport of food, phloem transport, Mass flow hypothesis; Diffusion of gases (brief mention).

• Mineral nutrition: Essential minerals, macro and micronutrients and their role; Deficiency symptoms; Mineral toxicity; Elementary idea of Hydroponics as a method to study mineral nutrition; Nitrogen metabolism-Nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation.

Unit III: Biology and Human Welfare

• Improvement in food production; Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, Biofortification; Apiculture and Animal husbandry.

Unit V: Human Physiology

• Digestion and absorption; Alimentary canal and digestive glands; Role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones; Peristalsis, digestion, absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; Caloric value of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; Egestion; Nutritional and digestive disorders – PEM, indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice, diarrhoea.

Unit V: Ecology and Environment

• Organisms and environment: Habitat and niche; Population and ecological adaptations

• Ecosystem Patterns: Nutrient cycling (carbon and phosphorous); Ecological succession; Ecological Services fixation, pollination, oxygen release.

• Biodiversity and its conservation: Sacred Groves.

• Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control; Water pollution and its control; Agrochemicals and their effects; Solid waste management; Radioactive waste management; Greenhouse effect and global warning; Ozone depletion; Deforestation; Any three case studies as success stories addressing environmental issues.

Unit

Topics Added

Unit II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

• Family (malvaceae, Cruciferae, leguminoceae, compositae, graminae)'

Unit VII: Genetics and Evolution

• Molecular basis of inheritance: Protein biosynthesis

Unit VIII: Biology and Human Welfare

• Health and Disease: Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (dengue, chikungunya), Tobacco abuse

Unit X: Ecology and Environment

• Biodiversity and its conservation: Sacred Groves.

Sl. No

Biology Chapters In the NEET 2025 Syllabus

Topic Details

1

Diversity In the Living World

• What is living?; Biodiversity; Need for classification;; 

• Taxonomy and Systematics; Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature.

• Five kingdom classifications; salient features and classification of Monera; Protista and Fungi into major groups; Lichens, Viruses and Viroids.

• Salient features and classification of plants into major groups-Algae, Bryophytes,Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms (Three to fivr salient and distinguishing features and at least 2 examples of each category)

• Salient features and classification of animals-nonchordate up to phyla level and chordate up to classes level (3-5 salient features and at least 2 examples)

2

Structural Organisation In Animals and Plants

• Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, Stem, Leaf, inflorescence- cymose and recemose, flower, fruit and seed (To be dealt along with the relevant practical of the Practical Syllabus) 

• Family (malvaceae, Cruciferae, leguminosae, compositae, gramineae.)

3

Cell Structure and Function

• Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life;

• Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; 

• Plant cell and animal cell; 

• Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell wall; 

• Cell organelles-structure and function.

• Endomembrane system-endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies,lysosomes, vacuoles; Mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, micro bodies; 

• Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultra structure and function);

• Nucleus-nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus.

• Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; 

• Enzymes-types, properties, enzyme action, classification and nomenclature of enzymes.

• B Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, and their significance.

4

Plant Physiology

• Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition; 

• Site of photosynthesis take place; pigment involved in photosynthesis (Elementary idea);

• Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; Cyclic and non cyclic and photophosphorylation;

• Chemiosmotic hypothesis;

• Photorespiration C3 and C4 pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis.

• Respiration: Exchange gasses; 

• Cellular respiration-glycolysis, fermentation(anaerobic),

• TCA cycle and electron transport system (aerobic);

• Energy relations-Number of ATP molecules generated; 

• Amphibolic pathways;

• Respiratory quotient.

• Plant growth and development: Seed germination;

• Phases of plant growth and plant growth rate;

• Conditions of growth;

• Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation;

• Sequence of development process in a plant cell;

• Growth regulators- auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA

5

Human Physiology

• Breathing and respiratory organs in animals (recall only); 

• Respiratory system in humans; 

• Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in human-exchange of gasses, transport of gasses and regulation of respiration  

• Respiratory volumes; Disorders related to respiratory-Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders.

• Body fluids and circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood

• Composition of lymph and its function;

• Human circulatory system-Structure of human heart and blood vessels;

• Cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG, Double circulation;

• Regulation of cardiac activity

• Disorders of circulatory system-Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure.

• Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion- Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; 

• Human excretory system-structure and function;

• Urine formation, Osmoregulation;

• Regulation of kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus;

• Role of other organs in excretion;

• Disorders- Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis;

• Dialysis and artificial kidney.

• Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement- ciliary, flagellar, muscular;

• Skeletal muscle- contractile proteins and muscle contraction;

• Skeletal system and its functions (To be dealt with the relevant practical of Practice syllabus);

• Joints

• Disorders of muscular and skeletal system-Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout.

• Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves;

• Nervous system in humans central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system;

• Peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system;

• Generation and conduction of nerve impulse;

• Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones: Human endocrine system-Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads;

• Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary idea);

• Role of hormones as messengers and regulators, Hypo- and Hyperactivity and related disorders (common disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, Goiter, Exophthalmic goiter,diabetes, Addison’s disease.)

*Disease and disorders mentioned above to be dealt in brief*

6

Reproduction

• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure;

• Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types, agencies and examples; 

• Outbreeding devices;

• Pollen-pistil interaction;

• Double fertilization;

• Post fertilization event- development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit;

• Special modes- apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony;

• Significance of seed and fruit formation.

• Human reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems;

• Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary;

• Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis and oogenesis;

• Menstrual cycle;

• Fertilization, embryo development up to blastocyst formation, implantation; 

• Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea);

• Parturition (Elementary idea);

• Lactation (Elementary idea)

• Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD);

• Birth control-Need ad Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP);

• Aminocentesis; Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies- IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).

7

Genetics and Evolution

• Heredity and variation: Mendelian inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism- incomplete dominance, Multiple alleles and inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy;

• Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance;

• Chromosome theory of inheritance;

• Chromosome and genes;

• Sex determination-in humans, birds, honey bee;

• Linkage and crossing over; Sex linked inheritance-Haemophilia, Colour blindness;

• Mendelian disorders in human-Thalassemia; 

• Chromosomal disorders in human;

• Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes.

• Molecular basis of inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material:

• Structure of DNA and RNA;

• Packaging;

• DNA replication;

• Central dogma;

• Transcription, genetic code, translation; 

• Gene expression and regulation- Lac Operon;

• Genome and human genome project; DNA fingerprinting, protein biosynthesis. 

• Evolution: Origin of life: Biological evolution and evidence for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence);

• Darwin’s contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution;

• Mechanism of evolution-Variation 9/Mutation and Recombination) and Natural selection with examples, types of natural selection;

• Gene flow and genetic drift;

• Hardy-Weinberg’s principle;

• Adaptive Radiation;

• Human evolution.

8

Biology and Human Welfare

• Health and Diseases;

• Pathogens;

• Parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis,Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ringworm, dengue, chikungunya);

• Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines;

• Cancer, HIV and AIDS;

• Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse. Tobacco abuse

• Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.

9

Biotechnology and Its Applications

• Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering (recombinant DNA technology)

• Application of biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy;

• Genetically modified organisms-Bt crops;

• Transgenic Animals;

• Biosafety issues-Biopiracy and patents.

10

Ecology and Environment

• Organisms and environment population interactions-mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism;

• Population attributes-growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.

• Ecosystem: Patterns, components;

• Productivity and decomposition;

• Energy flow;

• Pyramids of number, biomass, energy

• Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of Biodiversity;

• Patterns of Biodiversity;

• Importance of Biodiversity;

• Loss of Biodiversity;

• Biodiversity conservation;

• Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction; Red Data Book, Biosphere reserves, Nation parks and sanctuaries, Sacred Groves.

NEET Botany Syllabus For Botany

The Living World

Biological Classification

Plant Kingdom

Morphology of Flowering Plants

Anatomy of Flowering Plants

Cell – The Unit of Life

Biomolecules

Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Transport in Plants

Mineral Nutrition

Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

Respiration in Plants

Plant Growth and Development

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Principles of Inheritance & Variation

Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

Biotechnology Principles and Processes

Biotechnology and its Application

Organisms and Populations

Ecosystem

Biodiversity and Conservation

Environmental Issues

NEET Zoology Syllabus For Botany

Animal Kingdom

Structural Organisation in Animals

Digestion and Absorption

Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Body Fluids and Circulation

Excretory Products and their Elimination

Locomotion and Movement

Neural Control and Coordination

Chemical Coordination and Integration

Reproduction in Organisms

Human Reproduction

Reproductive Health

Evolution

Human Health and Disease

Microbes in Human Welfare

Class

Biology Important Chapters for NEET 2025

Weightage

XI

Human Physiology

20%

XI

Diversity of the Living World

14%

XI

Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

9%

XI

Plant Physiology

6%

XI

Cell Structure and Function

5%

XII

Genetics and Evolution

18%

XII

Ecology and Environment 

12%

XII

Reproduction

9%

XII

Biology in Human Welfare

4%

XII

Biotechnology and Its Applications

3%

Important Topics of Class 11 Biology Syllabus for NEET

Chapter

Important Topics

Plant Kingdom

Types of algae and their pigments

General characters of pteridophytes and gymnosperms

Biological classification

General features of Monera, Protista, Fungi

Structural Organization in Plants and Animals

Root, stem, and leaf anatomy

Animal tissues and their functions, specifically epithelial tissues

Cell: Structure & Functions

Mycoplasma, nucleus, chromosomes, ribosomes, chloroplast, and mitochondria

Meiosis – Prophase I

Plant Physiology

C3, C4 cycle

Kranz anatomy

Glycolysis and Krebs cycle

ETS complexes

Photoperiodism

Transpiration pull

Bulk movement in Phloem

Mineral deficiency & Nitrogen cycle

Animal/Human Physiology

All topics specifically diagrams are very important

Important Topics of NEET Biology Syllabus Class 12

Chapter

Important Topics

Reproduction

Gametogenesis in plants

Gametogenesis in humans

Reproductive structures in plants and animals

Polyembryony, Parthenocarpy, apomixis

Menstrual cycle

Genetics & Evolution

Dihybrid cross, linkage

Codominance

Pedigree analysis

Genetic disorders

Darwinism and natural selection

Human evolution

Biotechnology

Process and applications

BT cotton, RNAi, Human insulin, Gene therapy, molecular diagnostics

Biology in Human Welfare

Human immunity

AIDS, Cancer

Drugs

Ecology and Environment

Environmental issues

Biogeochemical cycles

Population interactions

Adaptations

Succession

Sl.No

Book Name

Author

Biology

1

NCERT Biology of Class XI and XII

NCERT

2

Trueman's Objective Biology for NEET - Vol. I & II

Trueman Publication

3

MTG Objective NCERT at your FINGERTIPS - Biology

MTG Editorial Board

4

Concepts of Physics by HC Verma Part I & II with Solutions

H. C. Verma

PCB

1

MTG NEET PYQ Book (Solved)

MTG Editorial Board

2

NEET-UG Physics, Chemistry & Biology Solved Papers

Disha Experts