Rhythms of Nature 5 Evs Chapter 9 CBSE Notes 2025-26

Our planet Earth is full of wonders. In this chapter, you learn how Earth is constantly changing— in ways both fast and slow. You discover about day and night, seasons, changes in plants and animals, and how people, land, water, and the sky connect and impact our lives. Students are encouraged to observe their surroundings, keep journals and charts, and explore real-life patterns in nature.

Changes Around Us: Then and Now As you grow, you also notice changes in yourself, your friends, your school, and the environment. Over the years, classrooms may change, friends grow taller, new hobbies are learned, and new trees are planted. These experiences help you observe changes that take place slowly (over years), some that happen every year, and some that occur very quickly. For example, your height changes slowly, festivals are celebrated every year, and a butterfly opening its wings happens in seconds.

Day and Night: What Causes Them? One of the most regular changes is the shift between day and night. Many people used to believe the Sun moves across the sky, but in reality, it is Earth that rotates on its axis. When your part of the Earth faces the Sun, it is day; when it turns away, it is night. This rotation causes the pattern of day and night. Simple classroom activities using a globe and a torch can show how this works. When the globe (Earth) is rotated in front of a steady torch (Sun), the side facing the light is day, and the side turned away is night. This movement repeats every 24 hours. For example, when it’s daytime in India, it is night in countries on the opposite side of the Earth, like parts of North and South America.

Earth’s Surface: Land and Water A globe is a model of the Earth, with blue parts showing the seas and oceans, and other parts showing land. About three-fourths of Earth is covered with water—mostly in the form of oceans and seas, which are huge bodies of water. The rest is land, divided into different countries, where people live, grow food, and build homes. The movement of the Earth and the different ways in which it is heated or cooled create daily and yearly patterns.

Change Across a Year: The Rhythm of Seasons Nature follows patterns that repeat every year. The weather slowly gets warmer, then hotter, brings rains, and finally cools down again. These repeating changes are called seasons. In India, there are six main seasons: Vasanta (Spring), Grishma (Summer), Varsha (Monsoon), Sharad (Autumn), Hemant (Pre-winter), and Shishir (Winter). The months these seasons cover can differ depending on the region. For instance, Spring is usually around March-April, followed by Summer, Monsoon, Autumn, Pre-winter, and Winter, but exact months may differ in the north, south, east, or west of India.

Observing and Journal Writing Throughout the year, students are urged to observe their environment and make notes in a journal. They keep track of how plants change, how birds and animals behave, changes in water levels, and what people do in different seasons. These observations are then discussed and collected on big charts in class. For example, students might notice that during summer, ponds dry up and the weather is hot. In monsoon, there are puddles everywhere and frogs are more active. In winter, there are fewer leaves on trees in some areas, and people wear warmer clothes.

• Farmers use signs in nature to know when seasons will change, such as when the koel bird sings before rains in Odisha, or when ants carry eggs to higher places before rain.
• Certain birds arrive or leave with different seasons, and activities like growing crops or celebrating festivals depend on the time of year.

Reflection and Group Activities Interactive classroom activities help students learn pattern recognition. One such activity asks students to share what they observed about plant life, animals, air, water, and human activities during each part of the year (April-June, July-September, October-December, January-March). Each student or group prepares posters showing these changes, and together, the class sees the bigger picture of how nature and people shift through the seasons. Later, students split into groups based on seasons and create short stories linking observations to family or cultural experiences.

Seasons in India: Diversity Across Regions India’s size and diversity mean that seasons feel different across regions. For example, winter in Kerala is warm and mild, while in Kashmir it is cold and snowy. Monsoon rains can be heavy in Assam but very light in Rajasthan. Local names and traditions reflect this variety, and students are encouraged to learn the names for seasons in their own language. These differences are reasons behind the diverse food, festivals, clothing, and activities found in different parts of India.

Table: Indian Seasons

• Spring brings new leaves and flowers; Summer is hot and dry; Monsoon brings heavy rains and greenery; Autumn has cool winds and harvested crops; Pre-winter is pleasant; Winter is cold and many trees shed leaves in some regions.
• Seasons not only affect what we wear and eat but also how we celebrate, farm, and live.

Festivals and Food: Celebrating Seasons Festivals in India are closely linked to seasons and agricultural cycles. For instance, Pongal and Makar Sankranti are harvest festivals (usually after winter), Holi celebrates the coming of spring and new flowers, Diwali is celebrated in winter, and festivals like Baisakhi and Vishu come after the crops are harvested in autumn. Crops grown also depend on seasons: rice and sugarcane often grow in the rainy season, wheat in winter, and different fruits or vegetables in summer or monsoon.

Local changes can be noticed in the type of food eaten (like mangoes and lemonade in summer, hot dishes in winter), the clothes people wear, the activities and sports played, and the festivals celebrated. The surroundings also change — water levels in lakes and ponds, greenery, and even animals’ behaviour can give clues about the coming season.

Learning Through Reflection Sharing and writing about your own experiences helps you understand the changes better. For example, talking to your family about seasons, learning the names for different periods in your local language, and observing why some seasons feel different every year— all deepen your connection to your place and community. Drawing, journaling, and discussing patterns make the science of seasons feel real and part of your life.

In summary, this chapter links science with daily life. By closely observing the changing world— whether it’s day and night, wet and dry months, or the foods and festivals that come with each season— you understand how Earth behaves and why we must care for our planet. Everything is connected, and your observations matter.

Class 5 EVS Chapter 9 Notes – The World Around Us: Unit 5 Revision Key Points

These Class 5 EVS Chapter 9 notes help children easily understand concepts about day and night, seasons, and changes in nature. With simple language and highlighted examples, students can recall classroom activities and local observations quickly. Using these points, revision before exams becomes smooth and effective for all learners.

The notes cover key information about land, water, seasonal patterns, and festivals in India. Students will strengthen their understanding by connecting textbook knowledge to real-life events and personal experiences. These structured revision points will boost memory and confidence during exams and classroom activities.