NCERT Solutions Class 12 Political Science (2025-26) – Free PDF Chapter wise Answers

NCERT Solutions Class 12 Political Science 2025-26 offers students a reliable, chapter-wise pathway to mastering complex political theories and real-world case studies. Every solution in this resource is structured to match the CBSE syllabus for 2025-26, so nothing is left out in board exam coverage. The explanations use stepwise methods, giving students confidence in their approach and supporting quick, targeted revision before tests or the final examination.

Students can expect each chapter to be mapped precisely to NCERT exercises, with effective step labels and exam-style answers modeled after the actual CBSE question pattern. Misconceptions and common mistakes are addressed directly, so learners not only practice with textbook-perfect solutions but also enhance their revision and boost their scores using proven strategies found in these resources. With chapter clarity and CBSE alignment as core aims, revision becomes thorough and anxiety-free.

NCERT Solutions Class 12 Political Science Chapter Details and Exercises

Each chapter is paired with a complete set of solved exercises, matching textbook layout and question types. Step labels help clarify complex reasoning, while quick checks along the way ensure students prepare efficiently for board exams. With conceptual explanations and CBSE board focus, using these solutions develops exam-readiness and sharpens understanding in political science.

NCERT Solutions Class 12 Political Science Contemporary World Politics

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 1: The End of Bipolarity

This chapter explores the disintegration of the Soviet Union and how the world shifted from bipolar to multipolar politics. Many students get confused by terms like 'bipolarity' and the causes behind the USSR’s collapse. The stepwise solutions clarify historical events, emphasize concept checks, and alert learners to common factual errors. Explanations decode complex transitions, ensuring a solid grasp before you move to map-based or data-driven questions often asked in the board exam.

Class 12 Political Science 1 The End of Bipolarity Quick Summary

Remember the economic and political causes of the Soviet Union’s fall. Don’t confuse the terms 'bipolarity' and 'unipolarity'. Exam tip: Diagrams showing world order changes earn method marks.

Class 12 Political Science 1 The End of Bipolarity Exam-Focused Takeaways

Check if you can define 'bipolarity' and identify consequences of the USSR’s dissolution. Highlight case studies and avoid skipping key timeline events. Practicing with solved questions reinforces concept clarity for CBSE-style answers.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 2: Contemporary Centres of Power

In this chapter, students examine emerging power blocks like the European Union, China, and ASEAN. Common difficulties arise in differentiating features of each center of power. The solutions guide you through table-based comparisons, stepwise evaluation, and strategies to avoid mixing up case examples. Exam-focused hints teach you how to present answers that match CBSE’s marking schema.

Class 12 Political Science 2 Contemporary Centres of Power Quick Summary

Use acronyms and maps to remember main centres like the EU and ASEAN. Mistake to avoid: blending Asia-Pacific details with European facts. Board tip: Draw small comparison tables where possible for clarity.

Class 12 Political Science 2 Contemporary Centres of Power Exam-Focused Takeaways

Review how power is distributed beyond the US and USSR. Know distinctive governing models—like the EU's integration and China’s unique policies. Structuring comparisons properly using class 12 pol science solutions helps you gain marks for clarity and detail.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 3: Contemporary South Asia

This chapter explains the political dynamics, conflicts, and cooperation among South Asian countries. Students often struggle with memorizing key events and differentiating between historical and current issues. Stepwise solutions build timelines and specify country-based contexts. Alerts within the answers remind learners to reference main treaties and peace processes critical for exams.

Class 12 Political Science 3 Contemporary South Asia Quick Summary

Anchor your memory with major events like the Bangladesh War. Avoid vague country facts—precision matters. Exam hint: Use clear headings for each country’s issues in your answers.

Class 12 Political Science 3 Contemporary South Asia Exam-Focused Takeaways

Label every country and related event accurately. Use chapter wise political science NCERT PDF to rehearse answer structures. Tie each region’s development back to contemporary implications as per the latest CBSE evaluation pattern.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 4: International Organisations

Here, students tackle the roles and reforms of major organizations like the United Nations and WTO. Many confuse functions, memberships, and agencies. The solutions break down organograms, provide mistake alerts on agency roles, and model stepwise answers for MCQ and long-format questions. Quick checks after each agency or reform ensure understanding for board-style questions.

Class 12 Political Science 4 International Organisations Quick Summary

List UN organs and key functions as memory pegs. Common mistake: misattributing responsibilities among agencies. Exam tip: Include organization charts in long answers for higher marks.

Class 12 Political Science 4 International Organisations Exam-Focused Takeaways

Master the distinction between agencies and reforms. Use CBSE political science question answers format—intro, body, conclusion—to present structured solutions. Charts and stepwise outlines are strongly recommended for scoring.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 5: Security in the Contemporary World

Students study the meaning of security, threats to nation-states, and new non-traditional concerns. Struggles come from categorizing types of security and applying current examples. Solutions clarify core concepts step by step and offer practical examples, with highlight alerts for recent developments. Diagram labels and pointers to mistakes prevent confusion between types of security.

Class 12 Political Science 5 Security in the Contemporary World Quick Summary

Remember four types of security—internal, external, traditional, non-traditional. Don’t mix up military and environmental security. Exam tip: Example-based explanations help you earn method marks.

Class 12 Political Science 5 Security in the Contemporary World Exam-Focused Takeaways

Differentiate between security types using pol science textbook solutions. Practice using fresh examples, as CBSE often rewards updated case references in Political Science answers.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 6: Environment and Natural Resources

This chapter combines environment, political decisions, and resource management. Challenges often include connecting environmental case studies with political processes. Stepwise answers map each ecological problem to the right policy or agreement, with mistake alerts on naming conventions. Diagrams illustrate resource flows for clarity, assisting exam memory.

Class 12 Political Science 6 Environment and Natural Resources Quick Summary

Use diagrams to connect problems and policies. Mistake to avoid: ignoring the link between local and global environmental issues. Exam trick: Name specific conventions or treaties where possible.

Class 12 Political Science 6 Environment and Natural Resources Exam-Focused Takeaways

Stay CBSE-ready by aligning local environmental issues with their global consequences. Practicing with solved exercises from ncert class 12 political science all chapters solidifies theory-application connections.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 7: Globalisation

Globalisation unpacks economic, political, and technological exchanges. Students commonly struggle to balance positive and negative impacts. These solutions provide stepwise arguments, error alerts for oversimplification, and highlight framework answers that impress examiners. Flowcharts display processes for clearer retention.

Class 12 Political Science 7 Globalisation Quick Summary

Balance both sides—benefits and challenges—of globalisation in your notes. Avoid blanket statements without case support. Exam tip: Use simple flow diagrams where processes are discussed.

Class 12 Political Science 7 Globalisation Exam-Focused Takeaways

Develop ‘for and against’ points using free PDF solutions. Organise answers with headings and flowcharts to showcase board-level command and boost MCQ as well as long answer accuracy.

NCERT Solutions Class 12 Political Science Politics in India Since Independence

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 1: Challenges of Nation Building

This chapter discusses the crucial period after India’s independence and the task of unifying a diverse nation. Difficulties arise in sequencing major events and grasping the challenges of integration. Solutions break down each event chronologically, highlight critical policies, and offer mistake alerts to help learners avoid confusion between leaders and timelines. Quick-check tools reinforce contextual understanding.

Class 12 Political Science 1 Challenges of Nation Building Quick Summary

Create timelines for state formation and leader actions. Mistake to avoid: confusing integration of princely states. Exam hint: Focus on policy outcomes in long answers.

Class 12 Political Science 1 Challenges of Nation Building Exam-Focused Takeaways

Follow chronological cues with chapter wise NCERT solutions. Emphasize major leaders’ roles and validate each integration step to present a strong CBSE answer.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 2: Era of One Party Dominance

This chapter highlights the dominance of a single political party in early Indian politics. Many students misinterpret political developments and overlook key opposition roles. The solutions provide stepwise analysis, clarifying each election and political trend, with mistake alerts to avoid mixing event timelines. Checkpoints help students revisit party manifestos and their outcomes.

Class 12 Political Science 2 Era of One Party Dominance Quick Summary

Map out election results and leading parties for key years. Mistake alert: do not mix up Lok Sabha and state election trends. Board tip: Use bullet lists for manifestos in board answers.

Class 12 Political Science 2 Era of One Party Dominance Exam-Focused Takeaways

Review each election with stepwise NCERT Political Science answers, emphasizing opposition critiques and political developments to address all likely CBSE question angles.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 3: Politics of Planned Development

Politics of Planned Development examines India’s economic strategies post-independence. Many learners get stuck comparing plans or misstate five-year goals. Stepwise solutions guide you through comparing plans, provide reminders for distinguishing goals, and flag areas where data use adds exam value. Diagrams of planning processes assist clarity and exam recall.

Class 12 Political Science 3 Politics of Planned Development Quick Summary

Use planning cycles and key years as memory anchors. Avoid mismatching goal details for each Five Year Plan. Exam trick: Illustrate differences using a simple comparative chart.

Class 12 Political Science 3 Politics of Planned Development Exam-Focused Takeaways

Refer to solved questions on plan types in ncert solutions class 12 pdf free download. Focus on the rationale behind shifts in political or economic priorities—this clarity brings marks.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 4: India’s External Relations

This chapter covers India’s foreign policy and strategic partnerships. Confusion often arises with Non-Alignment and changing bilateral relations. Solutions provide policy outlines, clarify timeline events, and use quick checks to solidify core diplomatic milestones. Mistake alerts remind students to distinguish between policy eras.

Class 12 Political Science 4 India’s External Relations Quick Summary

List India's key partners and their timelines. Avoid claiming policies remained static—focus on change over time. Exam hint: Use cause-effect frameworks in your long answers.

Class 12 Political Science 4 India’s External Relations Exam-Focused Takeaways

Anchor your answers in political science class 12 question answer practices. Demonstrate progression in India’s global outlook for CBSE scoring.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 5: Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System

Delving into political transitions and crises faced by the Congress party, this chapter is rich in case studies. Students often get stuck on event order and misinterpret party splits. Step-by-step solutions outline developments, embed mistake alerts for common date errors, and show how to summarize restoration strategies effectively. Short summaries and timelines assist structured answers.

Class 12 Political Science 5 Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System Quick Summary

Chronology is key—build your own timeline. Don’t confuse split causes and consequences. Board tip: Use subheadings for each crisis and restoration attempt.

Class 12 Political Science 5 Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System Exam-Focused Takeaways

Practice event timelines and rationale for party restoration with textbook answer key methods. Summarize each crisis’ solution distinctly; CBSE evaluators look for this separation in answers.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 6: The Crisis of Democratic Order

This chapter addresses emergency periods and threats to democracy in India. Many struggle to sequence legal and political actions or to relate them to broader constitutional debates. Stepwise answers clarify sequences, highlight command terms, and provide alerts for common analytical errors. Each segment is mapped for CBSE-style answering and revision.

Class 12 Political Science 6 The Crisis of Democratic Order Quick Summary

Recount key causes, the timeline of the Emergency, and restoration efforts. Avoid confusing legal vs. political instruments. Exam hint: Use labels and dates for clarity in long responses.

Class 12 Political Science 6 The Crisis of Democratic Order Exam-Focused Takeaways

Focus on CBSE command words like ‘analyze’ and ‘evaluate’ in answers. Clarity in legal-political distinctions with class 12 sample papers Political Science methods ensures confidence during revision.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 7: Regional Aspirations

Regional Aspirations tracks the evolution of local identities and regional movements. Common confusion lies in differentiating causes of various struggles. Solutions guide you through movement triggers, step labels aid mapping local demands, and alerts point to mistakes in chronology. Concept checks make sure each movement’s impact is clear for exam answers.

Class 12 Political Science 7 Regional Aspirations Quick Summary

Store cause-effect chains for each major region. Don't generalize struggles—keep details specific. Exam tip: Sketch brief regional maps if asked in diagrams.

Class 12 Political Science 7 Regional Aspirations Exam-Focused Takeaways

Organize each regional case by ‘cause-action-outcome’ for CBSE clarity. Stepwise NCERT Political Science answers from this topic support precise and high-scoring responses in board questions.

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Political Science 8: Recent Developments in Indian Politics

This chapter distills India’s political developments since the 1980s, emphasizing coalition governments, economic changes, and social policies. Students risk missing current event updates or over-generalizing trends. These solutions provide annual highlights, quick checks for understanding key terms, and caution-alerts for mixing up decades or significant reforms. Structured summaries aid memory retention for exam essays.

Class 12 Political Science 8 Recent Developments in Indian Politics Quick Summary

Note key changes after 1989, especially coalition governments. Avoid mixing economic and political developments. Exam hint: Build timeline charts and highlight at least one policy per decade.

Class 12 Political Science 8 Recent Developments in Indian Politics Exam-Focused Takeaways

Validate all major developments using the pol science textbook solutions. Emphasize shifts in coalitions and policy frameworks, and consistently update answers with new CBSE-focused evidence for full scoring.

Primary Features and Benefits of Vedantu’s NCERT Solutions

Use these solutions whenever a question in classwork, homework, or practice papers seems difficult or needs double-checking. Each semantic keyword, like “stepwise Political Science answers,” is naturally built into these resources, guiding students toward clarity for board success and assignment excellence.

• Step labels mirror textbook exercises for easy checking.
• Quick checks after each concept to validate understanding.
• Mistake alerts to avoid common exam errors.
• Exam-style hints to secure method marks.
• Compact revision flow for last-minute prep.
• Time-bound practice suggestions for speed and accuracy.

Why Vedantu NCERT Solutions Are Favoured by Toppers

Toppers rely on these resources for the accuracy expected by CBSE examiners. Each answer is structured around the command words found in board papers—define, explain, or analyze—ensuring no marks are lost to vague explanations. The use of diagrams and labelled tables adds method marks and visual clarity, helping answers stand out.

Reviewing solved exercises and textbook answer key methods strengthens your command over MCQs, short, and long answers. By mimicking the step-by-step strategy, you learn to underline key terms and apply proper headings, sharpening your revision discipline and making last-minute reviews more productive.

• Focus on understanding concepts before memorizing definitions.

• Write answers in clear, structured steps for better readability.

• Use examples or real-life references to support your explanations.

• Revise key formulas and terms regularly to keep them fresh in memory.

• Practice mixed question types — short, long, and application-based.

How Vedantu’s NCERT Solutions Help You

Students rely on this page to strengthen CBSE exam answers and speed up revision. Each resource supports structured, topic-wise board preparation and error-free practice for Political Science.

• Stepwise methods for CBSE exams.
• Important questions highlighted for practice.
• Quick checks for faster revision.
• Common mistakes flagged with fixes.
• Aligned with revision notes flow.
• Supports structured exam preparation.

As you complete each chapter, these solutions provide unmatched clarity and targeted CBSE alignment for Political Science preparation. Use the stepwise flow and exam-style cues for confident board answers and smart, timely revision. The goal is always crystal-clear understanding and readiness for every question the CBSE exam brings.