Class 12 Political Science Chapter 4: International Organisations NCERT Exercise Solutions

NCERT Solutions Class 12 Political Science Chapter 4 International Organisations (2025-26)

1. Mark correct or wrong against each of the following statements about the veto power.

• a. Only the permanent members of the Security Council possess the veto power.
• b. It’s a kind of negative power.
• c. The Secretary-General uses this power when not satisfied with any decision.
• d. One veto can stall a Security Council resolution.

Answer:

• a. Correct
• b. Correct
• c. Wrong
• d. Correct

2. Mark correct or wrong against each of the following statements about the way the UN functions.

• a. All security and peace related issues are dealt with in the Security Council.
• b. Humanitarian policies are implemented by the main organs and specialised agencies spread across the globe.
• c. Having consensus among the five permanent members on security issues is vital for its implementation.
• d. The members of the General Assembly are automatically the members of all other principal organs and specialised agencies of the UN.

Answer:

• a. Correct
• b. Correct
• c. Correct
• d. Wrong

3. Which among the following would give more weightage to India’s proposal for permanent membership in the Security Council?

• a. Nuclear capability
• b. It has been a member of the UN since its inception
• c. It is located in Asia
• d. India’s growing economic power and stable political system

Answer: d. India’s growing economic power and stable political system

4. The UN agency concerned with the safety and peaceful use of nuclear technology is:

• a. The UN Committee on Disarmament
• b. International Atomic Energy Agency
• c. UN International Safeguard Committee
• d. None of the above

Answer: b. International Atomic Energy Agency

5. WTO is serving as the successor to which of the following organisations

• a. General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs
• b. General Arrangement on Trade and Tariffs
• c. World Health Organisation
• d. UN Development Programme

Answer: a. General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs

6. Fill in the blanks.

• a. The prime objective of the UN is ___________________________
• b. The highest functionary of the UN is called_________________
• c. The UN Security Council has _____ permanent and _____non-permanent members.
• d. ______________________ is the present UN Secretary-General.

Answer:

• a. The prime objective of the UN is to prevent international conflict and facilitate cooperation among states.
• b. The highest functionary of the UN is called Secretary-General.
• c. The UN Security Council has 5 permanent and 10 non-permanent members.
• d. António Guterres is the present UN Secretary-General.

7. Match the principal organs and agencies of the UN with their functions:

Questions	Answer
1. Economic and Social Council	(c) Looks into the economic and social welfare of the member countries
2. International Court of Justice	(e) Resolves disputes between and among member countries
3. International Atomic Energy Agency	(d) Safety and peaceful use of nuclear technology
4. Security Council	(b) Preservation of international peace and security
5. UN High Commission for Refugees	(f) Provides shelter and medical help during emergencies
6. World Trade Organisation	(j) Facilitates free trade among member countries
7. International Monetary Fund	(a) Oversees the global financial system
8. General Assembly	(g) Debates and discusses global issues
9. World Health Organisation	(i) Providing good health for all
10. Secretariat	(h) Administration and coordination of UN affairs

8. What are the functions of the Security Council?

Answer: The Security Council is responsible for the preservation of international peace and security. It investigates disputes and situations that may lead to international friction, recommends methods of adjusting such disputes, calls upon members to apply economic sanctions and take military action if necessary, and admits new members to the UN.

9. As a citizen of India, how would you support India’s candidature for the permanent membership of the Security Council? Justify your proposal.

Answer: India deserves a permanent seat since it is the world’s most populous country, the largest democracy, has maintained a stable political system, made significant contributions to UN peacekeeping, and is an emerging economic and military power. Its inclusion would make the Security Council truly representative and democratic.

10. Critically evaluate the difficulties involved in implementing the suggested reforms to reconstruct the UN.

Answer: Implementing UN reforms is difficult due to lack of global consensus on the nature of changes required. Permanent members are reluctant to give up veto powers. Deciding criteria for new permanent members is contentious, and developing nations seek greater representation. Political rivalries and conflicting national interests hinder progress.

11. Though the UN has failed in preventing wars and related miseries, nations prefer its continuation. What makes the UN an indispensable organisation?

Answer: The UN provides a forum for dialogue, helps resolve disputes peacefully, sets international norms, coordinates humanitarian aid, promotes social and economic development, and addresses global challenges like climate change and pandemics. Its existence helps avoid escalation of conflicts and creates cooperation among nations, making it indispensable.

12. ‘Reforming the UN means restructuring of the Security Council’. Do you agree with this statement? Give arguments for or against this position.

Answer: Yes, reforming the UN critically involves restructuring the Security Council because its current structure does not reflect present-day political realities. Increasing permanent and non-permanent members, especially from developing regions, would make the Council more representative. Others argue that UN-wide reforms must also address jurisdiction and priorities beyond the Security Council.

Key Concepts of International Organisations

Mastering NCERT Solutions Class 12 Political Science Chapter 4 International Organisations is essential for understanding the role of global institutions like the UN, IMF, and WTO. Strengthen your knowledge to confidently answer exam questions and analyze international cooperation themes.

This chapter helps students grasp the structure and significance of international organisations in today’s world. Focus on how the Security Council functions and why reforms are needed for fair representation, especially for rising powers like India.

For best results, review exercise-based solutions regularly and make concise notes on India’s stand and UN reform debates. Revising through NCERT topics will enhance your concepts and maximize your Political Science score in board exams.