NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 Magnetism And Matter In Hindi Medium
FAQs on NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics In Hindi Chapter 5 Magnetism and Matter In Hindi Medium
1. What key topics are covered in the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 5, Magnetism and Matter?
The solutions cover all topics from the chapter as per the CBSE 2025-26 syllabus, providing step-by-step methods for problems involving:
- The bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid.
- Calculations of magnetic field intensity, torque, and potential energy of a magnetic dipole.
- Earth's magnetic field elements (magnetic declination, dip, and horizontal component).
- Magnetic properties of materials, including paramagnetism, diamagnetism, and ferromagnetism.
- Solutions for all in-text and end-of-chapter exercise questions.
2. How are problems related to the torque on a bar magnet in a uniform magnetic field solved in the NCERT exercises?
To solve for the torque (τ) on a bar magnet, the standard formula τ = mBsinθ is used. The NCERT solutions provide a clear, step-by-step method:
- First, identify the given values: magnetic moment (m), magnetic field strength (B), and the angle (θ) between the magnet's axis and the field.
- Next, ensure all units are in the standard SI system before calculation.
- Finally, substitute the values into the formula to find the magnitude of the torque. The direction of the torque always acts to align the magnet with the external magnetic field.
3. What are the three magnetic elements of the Earth required to solve NCERT problems?
To completely specify the Earth's magnetic field at a point and solve related problems, three quantities are essential:
- Magnetic Declination (α): The angle between the true geographic north and the magnetic north shown by a compass.
- Angle of Dip or Inclination (δ): The angle that the Earth's total magnetic field (B_e) makes with the horizontal direction.
- Horizontal Component of the Earth's Magnetic Field (B_H): The component of the total magnetic field that acts in the horizontal plane.
4. How do the NCERT Solutions explain the method for finding a neutral point for a bar magnet?
A neutral point is a location where the magnetic field from a bar magnet is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the Earth's horizontal magnetic field (B_H), causing the net magnetic field to be zero. The solutions demonstrate how to calculate the position of these points in two standard cases:
- On the axial line: This occurs when the magnet's North pole points towards the geographic South.
- On the equatorial line: This occurs when the magnet's North pole points towards the geographic North.
The correct formula for the magnet's field is set equal to B_H, and the equation is solved for the distance (r) from the magnet's centre.
5. Why is a bar magnet considered equivalent to a solenoid in many problems in this chapter?
A bar magnet is treated as an equivalent solenoid because their magnetic fields are remarkably similar, especially at points far from their centers. The NCERT solutions use this equivalence because a current-carrying solenoid produces a magnetic field with distinct north and south poles, behaving exactly like a bar magnet. The mathematical formula for the magnetic field on the axis of a solenoid can be shown to be identical to that of a bar magnet, which simplifies many theoretical derivations and problem-solving approaches in the chapter.
6. What is the significance of Gauss's Law in magnetism, and how does it impact the solutions in Chapter 5?
Gauss's Law in magnetism states that the net magnetic flux through any closed surface is always zero (∮B⋅dA = 0). Its core significance, highlighted throughout the chapter, is that it provides the reason for the non-existence of magnetic monopoles. Unlike electric charges, magnetic poles must always exist in pairs (a North and a South pole). This fundamental principle explains why magnetic field lines always form continuous closed loops, a concept essential for understanding the behaviour of magnets and electromagnets in the given problems.
7. When solving problems on Earth's magnetism, why is it crucial to use the horizontal component (B_H) and not the total field (B_e)?
It is crucial to use the horizontal component (B_H) because a freely suspended magnetic needle, like in a compass, is constrained to rotate in a horizontal plane. Therefore, it only aligns with the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field. Most NCERT problems involving neutral points or compass deflection are based on balancing an external magnetic field with B_H. Using the total field (B_e), which also has a vertical component, would give incorrect results for these horizontal interactions. The relationship B_H = B_e cos(δ), where δ is the angle of dip, is frequently used to find the correct component.
8. How do the NCERT solutions differentiate between solving problems for paramagnetic, diamagnetic, and ferromagnetic materials?
The solutions approach problems for these materials based on their unique responses to an external magnetic field:
- Diamagnetic: These materials are weakly repelled. Their magnetic susceptibility (χ) is small and negative. Problems focus on this slight opposition to the field.
- Paramagnetic: These materials are weakly attracted. Their susceptibility (χ) is small and positive, and it is inversely proportional to temperature (Curie's Law). Calculations often involve temperature-dependent effects.
- Ferromagnetic: These materials are strongly attracted and can be permanently magnetised. Their susceptibility is large and positive. Problems frequently involve concepts unique to them, such as hysteresis, retentivity, and coercivity.
9. Do the Vedantu NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 5 cover all the exercise questions?
Yes, the NCERT Solutions for Magnetism and Matter provided by Vedantu contain detailed, step-by-step explanations for all questions from the NCERT textbook for the academic year 2025-26. This includes both the main exercises and any additional problems, ensuring you have a complete resource for CBSE board exam preparation.

















