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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 3 Reproductive Health

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Biology Chapter 3 Reproductive Health Class 12 NCERT PDF (FREE Download)

Unlock the comprehensive study with Vedantu through NCERT Solutions for Biology Chapter 3 Reproductive Health Class 12. This gives access to the reproductive health NCERT PDF, elucidating fundamental principles crucial for understanding the subject's intricacies. Students will learn about topics such as Reproductive health, birth control, infertility, medical termination, etc.

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By accessing the Chapter 3 Reproductive Health Class 12 NCERT PDF, students gain comprehensive insights into the core concepts with a focus on clarity and depth. Vedantu experts have designed NCERT Solutions for Chapter 3 of Reproductive Health Class 12 according to the revised Class 12 biology syllabus. Get started with Vedantu to embark on a journey of academic excellence.


Glance on Solutions for Biology Chapter 3 Reproductive Health Class 12 NCERT

  • Biology Chapter 3 Reproductive Health Class 12 NCERT solutions explains Family Planning, Methods for controlling family size and timing of childbirth. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): Prevention, treatment, and consequences are explained crisply.

  • Infertility: Causes, diagnosis, and treatment options, as well as reproductive tract infections (RTIs), including common infections, prevention, and treatment, are the topics covered that are important from an exam point of view.

  • CBSE Chapter 3 Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health NCERT deals with concepts related to STDs, birth control, medical problems, contraceptive measures, and more

  • In Chapter 3, Reproductive Health Class 12, NCERT students learn about the various topics and concerns related to reproductive health.

  • In Chapter 3, Reproductive Health Class 12, NCER holds academic and personal relevance to all students.

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Access NCERT Solutions for Biology Chapter 3 Reproductive Health Class 12

1. What Do You Think is the Significance of Reproductive Health in Society?

Ans. Healthy reproductive organs with normal functions are referred to as reproductive health. Physical, emotional, behavioural, and social reproduction elements are included.


  • It aids in the prevention of sexually transmitted illnesses such as syphilis, AIDS, and others. 

  • Educating people about birth control options, prenatal care, postnatal care for the mother and child, the importance of breastfeeding, and equal opportunities for male and female children, among other topics, would address the importance of raising socially conscious, healthy families of the desired size. 

  • It also aids in the reduction of social ills such as sex abuse and sex-related crimes. This will contribute to the development of a socially responsible and healthy society.



2. Suggest the Aspects of Reproductive Health That Need Special Attention in the Present Scenario.

Ans. In the current situation, the following components of reproductive health require special attention:


  • Raising public awareness about hygienic sexual practices and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), available contraceptive options, and so on.

  • Providing medical aid and care to those who are experiencing reproductive issues such as pregnancy, delivery, STDs, abortions, contraception, menstruation disorders, infertility, and so on.

  • Sex education should be implemented in schools and other organisations. This will help in clearing the doubts and misconceptions based on sex-related topics.

  • Facilities such as medical assistance for patients suffering reproductive health issues should be provided.

  • Proper education and guidance related to contraceptive measures or birth control, maternity, and reproductive health issues should be given.


3. Is Sex Education Necessary in Schools? Why?

Ans:

  • Yes, sex education in schools is vital to deliver accurate knowledge to young persons to prevent children from believing in myths and having misconceptions about sex-related issues. 

  • Information on reproductive organs, adolescence and related changes, safe and hygienic sexual behaviours, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), AIDS, and other topics helps to lead a healthy, productive life.



4. Do You Think That Reproductive Health in Our Country Has Improved in the Past 50 Years? If Yes, Mention Some Such Areas of Improvement.

Ans: Yes, our country's reproductive health has improved in the last 50 years. The following areas should be improved:


  • Increased awareness of sex-related issues.

  • Lower mother and newborn mortality rates due to an increase in medically assisted deliveries and improved postnatal care.

  • A rise in the number of couples with multiple childrens.

  • Decreased rates for unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases.

  • The number of couples with small families has increased.


5. What are the Suggested Reasons for Population Explosion?

Ans: The following are some of the theories for population explosion:


  • Rapid death rate falls.

  • A decrease in the rate of maternal mortality.

  • Reduction in newborn mortality.

  • The number of people of reproducible age has increased.

  • The population's birth rate is rising.


6. Is the Use of Contraceptives Justified? Give Reasons.

Ans: Contraceptive use is justified because:


  • It helps to limit the rapid growth of the human population.

  • They do not affect sexual desire or sexual acts.

  • They also aid in the prevention of undesired pregnancies.

  • The majority of contraceptives also aid in the prevention of STDs.


7. Removal of Gonads Cannot Be Considered as a Contraceptive Option. Why?

Ans: It is not possible to classify gonadectomy as a contraceptive procedure because it renders a person infertile for the rest of their lives. Also, it will halt the release of a number of critical hormones required for healthy body function. Contraceptive measures are used in order to prevent unwanted pregnancies and to prevent unforeseen but complete removal of gonads can lead to infertility and makes hormonal processes difficult which is crucial for proper functioning of the reproductive system.


8. Amniocentesis for Sex Determination is Banned in Our Country. Is This Ban Necessary? Comment.

Ans: Yes, the restriction is important since it is being utilized in our country to determine the gender of a kid before birth and subsequently abort if it is a female. Amniocentesis is a pre-natal diagnostic technique used for the determination of sex and other metabolic conditions of the developing fetus. This technique was getting misused for unnecessary sex determination before the birth of a child leading to female foeticide. Hence, to stop the malpractices using this method, a ban on Amniocentesis is necessary.


9. Suggest Some Methods to Assist Infertile Couples To Have Children.

Ans: The following are some strategies for assisting infertile couples in having children:


  • Baby-in-a-Tube Program: The ova from the wife/donor (female) and the sperms from the husband/donor (male) are collected and induced to form a zygote in the laboratory under simulated conditions. The zygote created is subsequently put into a typical female's fallopian tube.

  • Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer (GIFT): The transfer of an ovum from a donor into the fallopian tube of another female who cannot produce eggs but can offer a fertile environment.

  • Zygote IntraFallopian Transfer(ZIFT): The egg arrives after the blastomere stage and is transferred to the uterus for further stages.

  • Intracytoplasmic Sperm injection (ICSI): A sperm is injected directly into the ovum.

  • Artificial Insemination (AI): Semen is obtained from the husband or a healthy donor and artificially implanted into the female's vaginal or uterine cavity.


10. What are the Measures One Has To Take To Prevent Contracting STDs?

Ans: To avoid catching STDs, take the following precautions:

  • Avoid intercourse with unknown or many partners.

  • When coitus occurs, always use condoms.

  • If in doubt, seek the advice of a skilled doctor for early detection and thorough treatment of disease is found.

11. State True/False With Explanation 

(a) Abortions Could Happen Spontaneously Too. (True/False)

(b) Infertility is defined as the inability to produce viable offspring and is always due to abnormalities/defects in the female partner. (True/False)

(c) Complete lactation could help as a natural method of contraception. (True/False)

(d) Creating awareness about sex related aspects is an effective method to improve the reproductive health of people. (True/False)

Ans: 

(a) True, abortions can occur spontaneously due to a variety of internal reasons.

(b) False. Infertility is described as a couple's inability to have a child following unprotected sexual cohabitation, and it can be caused by abnormalities/defects in either the male or female or both.

(c) False, Breastfeeding is a natural means of contraception, however, it is only effective for the duration of the lactation period, which lasts six months after parturition.

(d) True, Increasing sex-related understanding gives important information regarding reproductive health.

12. Correct the following statements:

(a) Surgical methods of contraception prevent gamete formation.

(b) All sexually transmitted diseases are completely curable.

(c) Oral pills are very popular contraceptives among rural women.

(d) In E.T. techniques, embryos are always transferred into the uterus.

Ans: 

(a) Surgical contraception prevents the flow of gametes during sexual activity.

(b) There is no cure for all sexually transmitted diseases.

(c) Oral contraceptives are particularly common among metropolitan women.

(d) The E.T. procedure involves transferring 8 celled embryos into the fallopian tube and more than 8 celled embryos into the uterus.


Topics Covered in Class 12 Biology Chapter 3 Reproductive Health

S.No.

Class 12 Biology Chapter 3 Topics Covered

1

Reproductive Health: Problems and Strategies

2

Population Explosion and Birth Control

3

Medical Termination and Pregnancy

4

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

5

Infertility



Benefits  of NCERT Solutions For Chapter 3 Reproductive Health Class 12 PDF

  • Comprehensive Coverage of Key Concepts: The solutions provide detailed explanations of all key concepts related to reproductive health, ensuring that students thoroughly understand the subject.

  • Clear Understanding of Terminology: Difficult terms and concepts related to reproductive health are explained clearly, making it easier for students to grasp complex topics.

  • Exam-Oriented Approach: The solutions are designed to align with the CBSE curriculum, covering important questions likely to appear in exams. This helps students focus their study efforts effectively.

  • Efficient Revision Tool: With concise and accurate answers, the PDF serves as an excellent revision tool, allowing students to review the chapter before exams quickly.

  • Enhanced Problem-Solving Skills: By practising with these solutions, students can develop their problem-solving skills, improving their ability to answer various questions confidently.

  • Self-Assessment: The solutions enable students to assess their understanding and identify areas where they need further practice, facilitating better preparation.

  • Time Management: With well-structured solutions, students can manage their study time more efficiently, focusing on key areas without getting overwhelmed.

  • Improved Academic Performance: These solutions can help students improve their academic performance by providing a reliable resource to understand and master the chapter content.

  • Availability in PDF Format: The FREE PDF format allows students to access the solutions anytime and anywhere, making studying on the go or offline convenient.

  • Confidence Building: Having access to accurate solutions boosts students' confidence, as they can verify their answers and ensure they are on the right track. 


Important  Study Materials for Chapter 3- Reproductive Health



Conclusion 

The NCERT Solutions for Biology Chapter 3 Reproductive Health Class 12 provides an invaluable resource for students studying the topic in-depth. Chapter 3, Reproductive Health Class 12 NCERT PDF, focuses on Reproductive Health, covering various aspects of reproductive health, population control, and the importance of reproductive healthcare. The solutions provide accurate answers and offer additional explanations, examples, and relevant diagrams to facilitate better comprehension of the subject matter and effectively prepare students for board exams.


NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology | Other Chapter-wise Links

Below are the other chapter-wise links for NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology.




Other Related Links for Class 12 Biology

FAQs on NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 3 Reproductive Health

1. What key topics are covered in the NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 3, Reproductive Health?

The NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 3 provide detailed, step-by-step explanations for all exercise questions related to 'Reproductive Health'. As per the CBSE 2025-26 syllabus, these solutions cover critical topics including reproductive health problems and strategies, population explosion, birth control methods, Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP), Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), and infertility.

2. According to the NCERT solutions, what defines 'reproductive health' and why is it significant?

Reproductive health is defined as a state of complete physical, emotional, behavioural, and social well-being in all matters relating to the reproductive system. Its significance lies in building a healthy society by reducing maternal and infant mortality rates, promoting responsible family planning, and preventing the spread of STDs, which contributes to the overall progress of the nation.

3. How do the NCERT solutions explain the primary reasons for population explosion in India?

The NCERT solutions identify several key factors contributing to population explosion:

  • A rapid decline in the death rate, including the Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR).
  • An increase in the number of individuals in the reproducible age group.
  • Improved medical facilities and better living conditions that increase longevity.
  • A lack of widespread awareness and adoption of effective contraceptive methods.

4. What are the different categories of contraceptive methods detailed in the NCERT solutions for Chapter 3?

The NCERT solutions classify contraceptive methods into the following major types:

  • Natural Methods: These work on the principle of avoiding the meeting of sperm and ovum. Examples include periodic abstinence and lactational amenorrhea.
  • Barrier Methods: These physically prevent fertilisation. Examples include condoms and diaphragms.
  • Intra-Uterine Devices (IUDs): Devices like Copper-T that are inserted into the uterus to prevent implantation.
  • Oral Contraceptives: Hormone-based pills that inhibit ovulation.
  • Surgical Methods (Sterilisation): Permanent methods like Vasectomy in males and Tubectomy in females.

5. Why is the surgical removal of gonads (castration) not considered a contraceptive method, unlike vasectomy or tubectomy?

The NCERT solutions clarify this critical distinction. Contraceptive methods like vasectomy and tubectomy are designed to prevent pregnancy while allowing the body's endocrine system to function normally. In contrast, removing the gonads (testes or ovaries) not only causes permanent sterility but also halts the production of essential sex hormones, leading to significant health complications and hormonal imbalances.

6. How does the NCERT solution justify the statutory ban on amniocentesis for sex determination in India?

The NCERT solution explains that while amniocentesis is a medical procedure to detect foetal genetic abnormalities, it was being widely misused to determine the sex of the child. This often led to the illegal abortion of female foetuses, a practice known as female foeticide. The statutory ban is therefore justified as a necessary measure to prevent this social evil and correct the imbalanced sex ratio in the country.

7. What are the various Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) explained in the NCERT solutions to assist infertile couples?

The solutions describe several advanced technologies to help infertile couples conceive:

  • In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF): Fertilisation of the egg and sperm occurs outside the body in a lab, followed by Embryo Transfer (ET).
  • Zygote Intra Fallopian Transfer (ZIFT): A zygote or early embryo is transferred into the fallopian tube.
  • Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer (GIFT): An ovum from a donor is transferred to the fallopian tube of a female who cannot produce one.
  • Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI): A single sperm is directly injected into an ovum to facilitate fertilisation.

8. The NCERT solutions state that not all STDs are curable. What is the key distinction made?

The NCERT solutions clarify that STDs caused by bacteria, like syphilis and gonorrhoea, are generally curable if detected early and treated with proper antibiotics. However, STDs caused by viruses, such as genital herpes, Hepatitis-B, and HIV/AIDS, are not completely curable at present, although their symptoms can be managed with medication.

9. What is the step-by-step correct method recommended in the NCERT solutions to prevent contracting STDs?

The solutions outline a clear, multi-step approach for the prevention of STDs:

  • Always use condoms during intercourse as they provide an effective barrier.
  • Avoid sexual contact with unknown or multiple partners.
  • In case of any doubt or symptom, one must immediately consult a qualified doctor for early diagnosis and complete treatment.
  • Ensure personal hygiene of the genital areas.

10. Why is 'Lactational Amenorrhea' considered a natural but highly conditional contraceptive method in the NCERT solutions?

Lactational Amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstruation during the period of intense breastfeeding after childbirth. While it acts as a natural contraceptive by preventing ovulation, the NCERT solutions emphasise that its reliability is limited. This method is only considered effective for a maximum period of six months post-partum and only if the mother is breastfeeding fully and regularly. Its effectiveness drastically reduces if menstruation resumes or supplementary food is introduced to the infant.