Class 11 Political Science Chapter 6 Citizenship – Stepwise NCERT Answers

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 6 Citizenship (2025-26)

Exercises

1. Citizenship as full and equal membership of a political community involves both rights and obligations. Which rights could citizens expect to enjoy in most democratic state today? What kind of obligation will they have to their state and fellow citizens?

   Answer: In most democratic states, citizens expect to enjoy political rights like voting and contesting elections, civil rights such as freedom of speech and expression, and socio-economic rights like the right to education or minimum wage. Citizens also have obligations such as obeying laws, paying taxes, protecting public property, and participating in the community’s shared life. They are expected to act as inheritors and trustees of their nation's culture and natural resources, fulfilling both legal and moral obligations towards their state and fellow citizens.

   
   

2. All citizens may be granted equal rights but all may not be able to equally exercise them. Explain.

   Answer: While equal rights may exist in law, not all citizens can exercise them equally due to factors like poverty, illiteracy, social discrimination, or lack of resources. For example, slum dwellers and street vendors may find it challenging to exercise voting rights without a permanent address. Similarly, tribal people face threats to their way of life, unable to access rights and opportunities fully. This shows that social and economic inequalities can limit the practical enjoyment of equal rights.

   
   

3. Write a short note on any two struggles for full enjoyment of citizen rights which have taken place in India in recent years. Which rights were being claimed in each case?

   Answer: 1. The Women’s Movement: This movement has sought equal rights and opportunities in areas like education, property, employment, and political participation. 2. The Dalit Movement: Dalits have struggled for social justice and protection from discrimination, seeking equal access to public places, education, and legal protection. Both movements claim basic civil, political, social, and economic rights guaranteed by the Constitution.

   
   

4. What are some of the problems faced by refugees? In what ways could the concept of global citizenship benefit them?

   Answer: Refugees may face problems like statelessness, lack of basic rights, inadequate shelter, inability to work legally, and denial of education or property. They often live in camps without security. Global citizenship could help ensure refugees receive basic rights and protection regardless of the country in which they live, offering humanitarian solutions beyond national boundaries.

   
   

5. Migration of people to different regions within the country is often resisted by the local inhabitants. What are some of the contributions that the migrants could make to the local economy?

   Answer: Migrants contribute to the local economy through their labour in industries, services, construction, and small businesses. They may work as hawkers, street vendors, domestic helpers, traders, plumbers, or mechanics. These roles fulfill key needs at lower cost, stimulate business activities, and support economic growth in new areas.

   
   

6. “Democratic citizenship is a project rather than an accomplished fact even in countries like India which grant equal citizenship”. Discuss some of the issues regarding citizenship being raised in India today.

   Answer: In India, issues like women’s rights, dalit and tribal struggles, rights of people displaced by development, and demands by marginalized groups show that citizenship remains a project. While the Constitution seeks inclusive and equal citizenship, social inequalities, discrimination, lack of opportunities, and ongoing movements highlight that there are gaps between law and practice. Continuous negotiation is needed to ensure real equality and inclusion.

   
   

Key Concepts in Class 11 Political Science Chapter 6 Citizenship

Mastering NCERT Solutions Class 11 Political Science Chapter 6 Citizenship helps students understand citizenship’s true meaning and responsibilities. This chapter builds a strong foundation for students aiming to excel in the 2025-26 academic year.

Learn about citizen rights and obligations in India, the ongoing struggles for equality, and the significance of global citizenship. Focusing on key topics ensures students gain both conceptual clarity and higher exam confidence.

Reviewing exercise-based solutions and understanding case studies like Olga Tellis and Martin Luther King will boost your answers. Regular revision of these core areas is essential for scoring well in Political Science.