Important Questions and Answers for Class 11 Political Science Chapter 2 Rights in the Indian Constitution 2025-26

Q1. Which article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the protection of life and personal liberty?

• (a) Article 17
• (b) Article 21
• (c) Article 22
• (d) Article 19

Answer: (b) Article 21

Q2. The right against exploitation in the Indian Constitution includes:

• (a) Abolition of untouchability
• (b) Prohibition of discrimination based on gender
• (c) Prohibition of begar and bonded labour
• (d) Freedom of speech and expression

Answer: (c) Prohibition of begar and bonded labour

Q3. The Right to Constitutional Remedies is described as the ‘heart and soul’ of the Constitution by:

• (a) Mahatma Gandhi
• (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
• (c) B.R. Ambedkar
• (d) Sardar Patel

Answer: (c) B.R. Ambedkar

Q4. Cultural and Educational Rights in the Constitution aim to protect which groups?

• (a) Only scheduled castes
• (b) Linguistic and religious minorities
• (c) Economically weaker sections
• (d) Elderly citizens

Answer: (b) Linguistic and religious minorities

2. Very Short Answer (VSA).

Q1. What is meant by ‘begar’?

Answer: ‘Begar’ refers to forced labour without payment, which is prohibited under the Indian Constitution as part of the right against exploitation.

Q2. Define ‘bill of rights’ as per the chapter.

Answer: A bill of rights is a list of rights mentioned and protected by the constitution, ensuring individuals are protected from government actions and violations.

Q3. Name two forms of exploitation banned by the Indian Constitution.

Answer: The Indian Constitution bans begar (unpaid forced labour) and bonded labour (forced work to pay off debts).

Q4. Which institution is described as a watchdog for protection of rights in India?

Answer: The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) acts as a watchdog for protection of rights in India.

3. Short Answer Questions.

Q1. List any two major features of Right to Equality provided by the Constitution of India.

Answer: The Right to Equality provides (1) equality before law and equal protection of laws for all citizens, and (2) prohibits discrimination on grounds such as religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth, ensuring equal access to public places and opportunities.

Q2. How does the Constitution protect the religious freedom of minorities?

Answer: The Constitution grants freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion, and ensures that the state does not discriminate based on religion. Minorities also have the right to establish and administer their own educational institutions, preserving their culture and rights.

Q3. What is preventive detention? How does the Constitution restrict its misuse?

Answer: Preventive detention means detaining a person out of suspicion before a crime is committed. The Constitution restricts misuse by limiting detention to three months without review, after which an advisory board must examine the case to protect personal liberty.

4. Long Answer Questions.

Q1. Explain the significance of the Right to Constitutional Remedies and its role in protecting other fundamental rights.

Answer: The Right to Constitutional Remedies, described as the ‘heart and soul’ of the Constitution by Dr. Ambedkar, empowers citizens to approach the Supreme Court or High Courts if their rights are violated. Courts can issue writs like habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto, and certiorari, enforcing rights and preventing government or institutional overreach. This ensures the protection and practical enforcement of all other rights, holding authorities accountable and allowing every individual effective legal redress.

1. Citizens can petition courts directly if rights are violated
2. Courts have power to restore rights using writs
3. Provides legal safeguards against state excess

Q2. Discuss the relationship between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy, and highlight any conflict between them with an example.

Answer: Fundamental Rights protect citizens from government misuse, ensuring individual freedoms. Directive Principles guide the state to work for societal welfare and justice. While complementary, they can conflict—such as when policies serving collective welfare (like zamindari abolition) required limiting the right to property. The balance has changed over time, and now the right to property is a legal, not fundamental, right. This shows how social objectives and individual rights sometimes clash, requiring careful legal and political balancing.

1. Fundamental Rights: Individual protections
2. Directive Principles: State’s social responsibilities
3. Example: Zamindari abolition (property right conflict)

5. Assertion–Reason type questions.

Assertion (A): The Constitution of India allows reasonable restrictions to be imposed on Fundamental Rights.
Reason (R): Unlimited exercise of rights by one person can endanger the rights of others and public order.

• (a) A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
• (b) A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
• (c) A is true, but R is false
• (d) A is false, but R is true

Answer: (a) Both statements are true, and R correctly explains why restrictions on rights are needed in a democratic society.

Assertion (A): The Right against Exploitation prohibits child labour in India.
Reason (R): Children below 14 years can be employed in any industry as long as they are paid fairly.

• (a) A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
• (b) A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
• (c) A is true, but R is false
• (d) A is false, but R is true

Answer: (c) Assertion is true but Reason is false. The Constitution forbids child labour in hazardous jobs regardless of payment.

3. Fill in the Blanks Questions.

Q1. The provision which allows a citizen to approach the Supreme Court in case of violation of rights is called the ________.

Answer: Right to Constitutional Remedies

Q2. The 42nd amendment of the Constitution introduced ________ for citizens, such as promoting harmony and protecting the environment.

Answer: Fundamental Duties

Q3. According to the Constitution, untouchability is ________ in any form.

Answer: abolished

Why Learning About Rights in the Indian Constitution Empowers Students?

Explore Rights in the Indian Constitution Class 11 important Questions PDF and questions with Answers to build your foundation for Political Science. Understanding these topics helps you become a responsible citizen and gain confidence for exams and real-life situations.

Our selection of Political Science Class 11 Chapter 2 Question answers focuses on essential themes like equality, justice, and remedies. Easy-to-follow explanations allow you to revise quickly and perform better in school assessments and CBSE board preparation.