Our Country India Class 6 Social Science Geography Chapter 6 CBSE Notes - 2025-26

• It’ throws light on the vast geographical expansion of India. India is bordered by Himalayas in the north & the Indian Ocean in the south. It has Bay of Bengal on its eastern side & the Arabian Sea on the west. India is also considered to be the second-largest populated country in the world. Also , the 7th-largest country in the world. The chapter further tell us about the geographical locations and the administration and political divisions of India.
  
  

An Overview

• India is a vast country with various geographical features. The country is bounded by Himalayas, Bay of Bengal, Arabian Sea, & the Indian Ocean on all its sides. The area of India is near to about 3.28 million sq. km. The north-southern extent from Kanyakumari to Kashmir is roughly 3200km long. And the east to west extent from Arunachal Pradesh to the Kutch is 2900 km long.

• The Himalayan mountains,  Great Indian Desert, the islands, northern plain and the coastal region, all represent the diverse forms of landform. India also has a huge variety of vegetation, climate & wildlife. The people in the country speak a variety of languages. According to a record of 2011, India has a population of more than 120 crores, making it second most populated country in the world after China.
  
  

Location of India

• India is located in continent of Asia. It lies in the Eastern hemisphere and Northern hemisphere b/w longitude 97°25′ E and 68°7′ E and latitude of 84′ N and 37°6’N.

• The Tropic of Cancer generally divides India into two parts. The upper half of tropic of cancer is temporally cool & the lower part of it has a tropical type of climate. The southernmost part of the country is also called as the ‘Indira Point’, however, it got submerged in year 2004 by a tsunami. 

• The south-eastern part of India has Andaman and Nicobar island which lies in the Bay of Bengal and the southwestern part has Lakshadweep island in the Arabian Sea.
  
  

Size of India

• India is also an enormous country &  is considered to be the seventh-largest country when we talk about in terms of the landmass. India covers a total area of 3.28 million square kilometres. It also covers 2.4% of the total area of the globe and has a boundary of land that constitutes 15,200 km. The coastal boundary then includes the island and covers 7,516km. India has various other features which can be recognized from the Indian map which includes mountains, plains, plateaus, coastal areas, and islands. All the parts are bordered to protect invasion from other countries.

• The west-east stretch of country & the south-north stretch measures almost the same. But the south-north is collectively smaller than the west-east stretch.

• The difference of the time between Arunachal Pradesh & Gujarat is two hours, yet the time shown in both the places are the same because India follows a standard system of the time.
  
  

India’s Neighbours

• India is also a vast country. It generally shares its border with several other countries like China, Nepal, Bhutan, Afghanistan, & Pakistan in the north, and Myanmar, Bangladesh in the east. The country also shares a border with Maldives, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and Thailand.
  
  

Political and Administrative Divisions

• India has 28 states and 7 union territories. These divisions are based on the languages spoken in that place.

• The states are divided into various districts. Each of these union territories and states also has a different government to take care of them and the administrative needs of the place.

• The northern states of India are: 

1. Jammu and Kashmir

2. Uttarakhand

3. Himachal Pradesh

4. Uttar Pradesh 

5. Punjab

6. Haryana

Jammu & Kashmir, the newly made union territory, is known as the crown of India because the shape of the region is like a crown as well as it is located at the top of India. Punjab and Haryana both have common capital , Chandigarh. The reason behind this is that Haryana was an important part of Punjab until 1966.

• The western part of the country comprises the following states:

1. Gujarat

2. Maharashtra 

3. Gujarat

4. Goa

The central part of country consist of states like Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh. It was the largest state in the Indian province until 2000.

• The eastern part of the country consists of

1. Bihar

2.  Jharkhand

3. West Bengal 

4. Orissa

The historical Kalinga war was also fought in Orissa. This war changed Asoka’s life & made him different from all others. He started to embrace non-violence and follow Buddist preaching.

• The northeastern part of the country consist of states like-

1. Assam

2. Tripura

3. Meghalaya

4. Manipur

5. Sikkim

6. Arunachal Pradesh

7. Mizoram

8. Nagaland

This region is also known as the Land of Seven Sisters. Sikkim also happens to be a single state that is excluded from the Seven Sisters.

• South India is one of the most beautiful places in the country and is known for its temples and greeneries.

1. Andhra Pradesh 

2. Tamil Nadu

3. Kerela

4. Karnataka

Karnataka is also famous for the biotechnology & software industry. Kerala is considered to be God’s Own Country & is a popular tourist destination. Kerala has a high literacy rate.

• The largest state in India is Rajasthan. And the smallest is state of Goa.

• India has seven territories. They are: 

1. Delhi

2. Andaman and Nicobar Islands 

3. Dadra and Nagar Haveli

4. Daman and Diu

5. Puducherry

6. Lakshadweep

7. Chandigarh

• Delhi is capital of India & is the largest metropolitan city in India. It also has a Legislative Assembly, Council of Ministers, Lieutenant and Chief Minister.

• Indira Point lies in the Andaman and Nicobar island which is in southernmost part of the country. However, the place got submerged by a tsunami in the year 2004.

• Ritchie’s archipelago lies in the Andaman and Nicobar island and is considered a prominent archipelago of India. A group of islands & clusters are found here.

• Besides Andaman & Nicobar island, Lakshadweep isalso considered a famous archipelago. It is known as Coral Paradise because it has beautiful corals present in it.
  
  

Physical Division

India is a vast country with various kinds of physical divisions. They are divided into:

• The Himalayan Mountains

• The Himalayan Mountains are located in northern part of India.

• They are divided into 3 ranges namely, the Great Himalaya, the Middle Himalaya, and the Shivalik.

• The Great Himalaya is located in northernmost range.

• The Middle Himalaya is towards the southern part of the mountain.

• The Shivalik is the southernmost range.
  
  

• The Northern Plains

• The Northern Plains are also located in the southern part of the Himalayas.

• The plains are formed by rivers like Indus, Brahmaputra, and Ganga.
  
  

•  The Great Indian Desert

• The Great Indian Desert is also located in the western part of the country.

•  It is hot and sandy.
  
  

• The Deccan Plateau

• The Deccan Plateau is in the southern part of the Northern Plains.

• It is triangular.
  
  

• The Coastal Plains

• They are in the west part of the Western Ghat and the east part of the Eastern Ghats.

• The western coastal plain is generally narrow whereas the eastern plain is much broader.
  
  

• The Islands

• Nicobar and Andaman & Lakshadweep islands are also a part of India.

• Nicobar and Andaman island is located in the Bay of Bengal whereas Lakshadweep island is located in the Arabian Sea.
  
  

An Overview of Our Country: India

• Boundaries of India: The Himalayas in the North, Bay of Bengal in the East, the Arabian Sea in the West, Indian Ocean in the South.

• Area: 3.28 million sq. km.

• Distance Between Kashmir to Kanyakumari (the North-South Extent): 3200 km.

• Distance Between Arunachal Pradesh to Kuchchh (the East-West Extent): 2900 km.

India is a land filled with some of the most beautiful and lofty mountains. There are the Northern Plains, the Great Indian desert, some uneven plateaus, as well as the islands and coasts. Not to mention that India is the host of several varieties of flora and fauna. Home to many climates and vegetation, India is truly one of the most amazing places. There are different languages and cultures in every single location in this country. With a population of about 120 crores, India is considered to be heavily populated. Students can take a look at India Our Motherland notes for more details.

The Location Setting of India

The location of India is right there in the northern hemisphere. Also, The Tropic of Cancer which is about 23°30’N) passes right through the middle of the country. From the southern portion to the northern portion, the Indian mainland extends just between 8°4’N and 37°6’N that are the latitudes. From the western portion to the eastern portion, India stretches just between 68°7’E and 97°25’E that are the longitudes. There are a total of seven different countries that have to share the boundaries of their land with India. More details are available at Class 6 Geography Chapter 6 notes.

The Administrative and Political Divisions of India

We all know that the country that we live in is very vast. There are about 29 states and 7 different Union Territories in the country of India. The addition of Telangana as a new state made the total number of states to 29. This happened in the year 2014 in June. Previously, Telangana was a smaller part of the state Andra Pradesh. The capital of India is Delhi. The states which are a part of India have been divided on the basis of the language and the community that resides there. Students will be able to find more details with India Our Motherland notes.

Some Important Physical Divisions of India

There is a very diverse nature of physical features present in India that includes plateaus, mountains, islands, and coasts. For example, The northern border of India has the Himalayas which means “the abode of snow”. These mountains are properly divided into three different but main ranges which run parallel. These ranges are known as Himadri or the Great Himalaya which is situated on the northernmost border. The highest peaks of the world are situated right here on this particular mountain range. The Himachallies or Middle Himalaya is situated on the Southern side of the Great Himalaya.

There are the northern Indian plains which are situated in the southern side of the Great Himalayas. These plains have a very flat and levelled surface. These surfaces are formed when the alluvial deposits are washed down from different rivers. India is also home to many different rivers such as the Ganga, the Indus, the Brahmaputra, along with some of the other tributaries as well. The rivers are responsible for providing proper land and fertile soil for the cultivation and farming of crops.

The western section of the country has the Great Indian Desert. This area is a very large and stretchy piece of land filled with hot and dry sand. The northern plain has the Peninsular Plateau on the Southern side. This region is filled with different valleys and innumerable hill ranges too.

One of the most popular and old ranges known as the Aravalli hills is situated in this particular region. The border for the Aravalli Hills is situated on the North-west section. Some of the other ranges which are important would include the Satpura range and Vindhya range. These ranges have the rivers Tapi and Narmada flowing through them. These rivers are most west-flowing and ultimately go to drain at the Arabia Sea.

Lakshadweep Islands are located near the location of the Arabian Sea. These islands are mostly made up of corals and situated off the coast of Kerala. There are also some other islands such as the Andaman and Nicobar Islands that lie around the southeast portion of the Bay of Bengal in the Indian Mainland.

Easy Hacks to Remember - Our Country India Chapter 6

Embark on a vibrant learning adventure with these ten easy hacks to remember Chapter 6 - "Our Country India" for Class 6 students. From mnemonic rhymes to colourful maps, make studying a delightful experience while mastering the geographical and cultural diversity of India.

1. Mnemonic Devices: Create catchy rhymes or phrases to remember the names of states, capitals, and languages. Turn learning into a fun, memorable experience.

2. Colourful Maps: Use vibrant colours on maps to associate different regions. Colorful visuals make it easier to remember the geographical diversity of India.

3. Storytime: Weave stories around each state, capital, or language. Narrating tales helps in retaining information and understanding the cultural richness of India.

4. Flashcards: Make flashcards with state names on one side and their capitals on the other. Quick, interactive revision helps reinforce your memory.

5. Group Study: Study with friends and quiz each other on different aspects of India. Collaborative learning enhances understanding and makes studying enjoyable.

6. Cultural Connect: Explore Indian traditions, languages, and customs. Understanding the cultural significance makes it easier to remember diverse elements.

7. Create a Song: Turn state names and capitals into a catchy song. Singing along helps memorize information effortlessly.

8. Puzzle Fun: Create puzzles or crossword games using state names, capitals, and languages. Solving puzzles adds an element of fun to your learning journey.

9. Visual Associations: Connect each state with a unique visual cue. This could be a famous landmark, symbol, or anything memorable associated with that region.

10. Regular Revision: Schedule short, regular revision sessions. Consistency is key to retaining information. Regular revisiting ensures that the details stay fresh in your memory.

What are the Benefits of Referring to Vedantu’s Revision Notes for Class 6 Social Chapter 6 - Our Country India

Vedantu's Revision Notes for Class 6 Social Chapter 6 - "Our Country India." Tailored to make studying enjoyable, these notes bring the diversity of India to life while ensuring comprehensive understanding.

• Quick Summaries: Swiftly grasp key concepts, including states, capitals, and languages, with Vedantu's concise summaries.

• Simplified Topics: Navigate through the cultural richness of India effortlessly as Vedantu simplifies complex topics for better comprehension.

• Efficient Last-minute Prep: Use Vedantu's notes as a handy tool for efficient last-minute preparation, ensuring a confident approach to the exam.

• Enhanced Retention: Vedantu's focus on crucial information aids in enhanced retention, making it easier to remember the diverse details of "Our Country India."

• Effective Exam Preparation: Leverage key points and tips provided by Vedantu for effective exam preparation, giving you a strategic advantage.

• Time-saving Consolidation: Save valuable time by accessing consolidated information, allowing you to focus on the essentials while studying.

• Priority on Important Topics: Vedantu's notes prioritize crucial topics, ensuring that your study time is dedicated to the most important aspects of the chapter.

• Real-world Connections: Explore practical examples that connect the cultural diversity of India to real-world scenarios, enhancing your understanding.

• Boosted Exam Confidence: Vedantu's comprehensive approach boosts your confidence, equipping you with the knowledge needed to excel in exams related to "Our Country India."

Conclusion

Discover the wonders of India with Vedantu's CBSE Class 6 notes for Geography Chapter 6 - "Our Country India." These notes make learning fun and easy, helping you understand important things about states, capitals, languages, and traditions. The notes are well-organized, making it simple for you to revise and remember things better. They include cool examples from real life, making the chapter interesting. Learn about India's diverse cultures and traditions, and you'll do great in your studies. These notes are like a helpful friend, making your academic journey exciting and successful!