Different Lands, Different Lives Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 9 CBSE Notes 2025-26

Different Lands, Different Lives Throughout India, people live in different landscapes, each with its own features and unique ways of life. Students are encouraged to share travel stories—about places such as the beaches of Odisha, the deserts of Rajasthan, the plains of Punjab, and the mountains of Sikkim. By comparing these regions, you learn that the land forms shape every part of people's daily lives: what they grow, what animals live there, the clothes they wear, and their customs and festivals.

Life in the Plains Plains have rich, fertile soil ideal for agriculture. In Punjab, the vast fields are worked by farmers who grow crops like wheat and corn. Common foods include makki di roti and sarson da saag, often enjoyed with a glass of lassi. Traditional clothing suits the climate, with men wearing turbans and women wearing suits with bright colours. The region is culturally rich—Amritsar is famous for the Golden Temple, a place known for its community kitchen where people of all backgrounds are served free food.

• Farming is the main occupation.
• Houses are generally built with bricks and cement.
• Animals like cows and buffaloes are common, having short fur due to warm climate.

Life in the Desert Deserts, such as those in Rajasthan, have very little rainfall and the land is covered in sand. It is home to special plants like cactus, khejri, and babool that survive with little water. Camels, called the "ship of the desert," along with lizards, wild cats, and eagles, are found here. Houses are built of mud with thatched roofs, and water is stored in tankas (water tanks). People wear brightly coloured clothes—women wear bandhini dupattas and ghaghras, while men favour colourful turbans. The famous Jaisalmer Fort, made of golden sandstone, stands in the heart of this land.

• Limited farming due to scarce water.
• Popular desserts foods are dal-bati-churma and ker sangri.
• Folk dances (like Ghoomar) and music are well-known cultural elements.

Life in the Coastal Regions Coastal regions, such as Odisha’s Puri, are near the sea. People often depend on fishing for their livelihood. The cuisine features seafood and unique delicacies like dalma, pakhala, chhena poda, and rasagola. Coconut trees and other salt-tolerant plants are commonly found along the shore. Beaches are lively, hosting activities such as collecting sea shells, enjoying sand art, and boat rides observing creatures like sea turtles, crabs, dolphins, and starfish. Distinctive festivals like the Rath Yatra at Jagannath Temple and classical dances, such as Odissi, are important cultural aspects.

• Boats are a main mode of transportation for fishermen.
• Houses may be built on stilts in some areas to protect against floods.
• Cyclones and strong winds are a challenge in these regions.

Living with Challenges in Coastal Areas Life on the coast is not always easy. People in states like Odisha face natural disasters like cyclones, which can cause damage to homes, livelihoods, and the environment. However, the government has developed ways to warn people in advance, plan evacuations, and protect both lives and property. These preparations have saved many lives during recent cyclones.

Life in the Mountains Mountains are cooler regions, often covered in snow, like the Himalayan ranges of Sikkim. People here live in wooden houses with slanting roofs designed to handle snow and rain. The air is cool and clear, and special trees including pine, oak, walnut, and chestnut grow well. Yak, an animal adapted to the cold, is commonly used here. Sikkimese culture includes traditional foods like thukpa and sel roti, and people wear clothes like bakhu and dumdyam to keep warm. Festivals such as Loosong and Namsoong are important, celebrating the New Year and harvest with traditional dances, music, and games.

• People use yak and horses for transport.
• Warm, layered clothing helps handle the cold climate.
• Houses are made from wood, and roofs are slanting to clear snow.

Comparing Different Regions A comparative table helps summarise differences among plains, deserts, coastal areas, and mountains:

Activities and Observational Skills The chapter includes activities like sharing travel experiences, making creative decorations from local items, observing shadow changes using torchlight, and recording observations about the moon and stars. Students are also encouraged to discuss the impact of cyclones in coastal regions and landslides in mountains—underlining the connection between natural surroundings and solutions for safety and survival.

Connecting Nature and Culture Each landform has shaped its people's culture—reflected in their food, houses, clothing, dances, arts, and celebrations. Understanding these links makes us appreciate the variety of life in India and encourages us to respect both our environment and society. By exploring how different places influence people's lives, students develop observation and analytical skills that help them understand their own environment better.

Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 9 Notes - Different Lands, Different Lives

These Class 4 EVS notes for Chapter 9 make it simple to understand how different landforms shape cultures, food, and traditions. Students will find quick, structured summaries of mountains, plains, deserts, and coastal regions, with everyday examples and comparisons. Use these key points to boost chapter recall and succeed in your exams.

With engaging tables, lists, and region-wise highlights, these revision notes help children grasp the link between environment and lifestyle. Skim these important facts before exams to build a strong base in the CBSE Class 4 EVS Chapter 9: The World Around Us syllabus.