Our Sky Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 10 CBSE Notes 2025-26

The sky is one of the most fascinating sights that we see every day, and it changes its appearance depending on the time. In the morning, the sky might have an orange hue with a gentle sun, but as the day progresses to afternoon, sunlight becomes strong and the sky turns bright blue. At night, the sun disappears, and thousands of twinkling stars and the moon light up the dark sky, making it look magical and different from the daytime sky.

If you observe the sky at different times, you will notice clear differences. In the morning, you might see an orange sun and a calm sky. By afternoon, the sun is overhead and shines brightly, making the light and heat stronger. At night, stars and the moon appear, creating beautiful patterns. These changes can be recorded and compared in a table for better understanding.

Observing and Sharing Sky Changes If you share your observations with friends, you might notice more patterns. Not only does the sky change, but animals and plants also change their activities throughout the day. Birds often sing and search for food in the early morning. Some flowers bloom at sunrise, while others close as the sun sets. Humans too follow different routines depending on whether it is day or night.

The Sun: Our Brightest Star The sun is the brightest object in our sky. Because of its strong light, we cannot see other stars during the day. The sun gives us the light and warmth necessary for life. It appears to rise in the east each morning, climbs higher until it is overhead at noon, and then moves towards the west before disappearing at sunset. This visible movement affects not only light but also the activities of plants, animals, and people.

When the sun rises, the sky often looks golden orange, birds begin to chirp, and daily activities start at home. At sunset, the sky again changes colour, birds return to their nests, animals settle down, and lights are turned on in homes. Understanding sunrise and sunset helps us make sense of how daily life on Earth moves in cycles.

Shadows: Changes Throughout the Day If you observe your own shadow at different times, you'll see it is longest in the early morning and in the evening but shortest at noon. This happens because the position of the sun changes throughout the day, altering the angle of the light. In the morning and evening, shadows also point in opposite directions. These principles apply not only to people but to any object in the sunlight.

You can experiment with shadows indoors using a torch and a stick. If you move the stick close to the torch, the shadow becomes large. Changing the direction of the torch makes the shadow move in different directions. This activity helps us recognize that shadows are affected by both the position and the distance of the source of light.

• Morning and evening shadows are long and face opposite directions.
• Noon shadows are the shortest, directly under the objects.

Ancient people used shadows to tell the time of day. Instruments called sundials, such as the Samrat Yantra at Jantar Mantar, were built to observe the movement of the sun’s shadow. This helped them keep track of time before clocks were invented.

The Magical Night Sky After sunset, the sky reveals a whole new look. Stars twinkle across the darkness, and if you watch closely, you may see patterns called constellations. In India, people have practiced observing star patterns such as Saptarshi (the Big Dipper) for many generations. Sometimes, people also use these patterns to tell stories or practice shadow puppetry, which has a long tradition in India.

The Moon and Its Changing Shapes The moon appears as the biggest object in the night sky. If you look at the moon on different nights, you will notice that its shape keeps changing. Sometimes, it is a full circle (Poornima), sometimes it looks like a 'C', or half-moon, and sometimes it is not visible at all (Amavasya or new moon). These changes follow a pattern and occur in regular cycles.

Ancient people used the changes in the moon’s shape to track days, which led to the invention of calendars. Many Indian festivals are based on the phases of the moon. For example, Diwali is celebrated on Amavasya when there is no moon, while Rakshabandhan and Guru Poornima are celebrated during the full moon. Eid is celebrated when the new crescent moon is first visible. Some of the important festivals are Pongal, Diwali, Chhath Puja, Karva Chauth, and Eid.

• Diwali: Celebrated on a new moon night (no moon visible).
• Guru Poornima and Buddha Poornima: Celebrated on a full moon night.
• Eid: Observed when the crescent moon is first seen after the new moon.

India’s Chandrayaan Mission In August 2023, India made history when the Vikram Lander from the Chandrayaan mission landed on the surface of the moon. This mission helped collect important information about the moon, inspiring many students to learn more about space and our celestial neighbours.

Questions to Think and Explore Review questions help students revise and connect concepts. For example, students can think about the difference between day and night, how activities change for humans and animals, or why shadows form differently at different times. Here are a few questions:

1. List two differences between the day and night, morning and evening skies, and activities of people and animals at various times.
2. If the sun moves from east to west, what questions could you ask your teacher about this movement?
3. Why does your shadow change direction and length in the morning and afternoon if you stand in the same spot?
4. Express your observations about the sky creatively, for example, by writing a poem or solving a riddle about what appears with light and has only one colour but many sizes (the answer is a shadow).

This chapter encourages you not only to learn facts about our sky but also to observe and discuss them with friends and family. Draw pictures of the sky, spot different constellations, and keep track of the moon’s phases to better connect what you learn to the real world.

Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 10 Notes – Our Sky: Key Points and Revision Guide

Vedantu’s Class 4 EVS Chapter 10 notes on ‘Our Sky’ cover all the important points about how the sky changes during the day and night, why the sun and moon appear different, and how shadows form. These notes are packed with easy explanations, key facts, and regularly asked topics, making them ideal for quick revision and last-minute preparation. Find all essential details about the sun, moon, and Indian festivals for better understanding and scoring.

Using these Class 4 EVS revision notes helps students remember how the sky, sun, moon, and stars change throughout the day and night. The content is arranged simply and systematically, supporting better learning and easy answers in exams. Stay ahead in your studies with our clear summaries and important lists!