This World of Things Class 3 Evs Chapter 10 CBSE Notes 2025-26

The world around us is full of different objects that make our lives comfortable and interesting. In this chapter, we observe many items we use daily and try to understand what they are made from and where they come from. Some things, like trees and rocks, come from nature, while others, like chairs or shoes, are made by people. By looking closely, we learn to identify if things are natural or artificial and what materials they are made from.

Understanding Things Around Us Objects in our surroundings can be grouped based on how they are made and what materials they are made from. Natural things are found in nature, such as trees, stones, and water. Artificial things are those made by humans, like tables, clothes, and toys. Materials used in objects include wood, metal, glass, plastic, and cloth. For example, a classroom desk is usually made of wood, and windowpanes may be made of glass.

Sources of Materials We get wood from trees, metals from ores dug out of the Earth, and glass is mostly made from sand. Plastic comes from petroleum, while cloth is made from natural fibres like cotton or from synthetic materials. Knowing the source helps us appreciate resources better and understand how objects are created.

Properties of Materials Objects look and feel different because of the properties of their materials. Some are hard, some soft; some shine, and some are dull. For example, a metal spoon feels cool and shiny, while a wooden chair may be rough or smooth. Materials also have different abilities to allow light to pass through them.

• Transparent materials allow us to see clearly through them. (e.g. glass, clear plastic).
• Translucent materials let some light pass, but not clear images (e.g. frosted glass, some thin fabrics).
• Opaque materials do not allow light to pass through at all (e.g. wood, metals).

A fun activity is to look at objects like bottles, paper, or cloth and decide which category they belong to by seeing if you can see light or objects through them.

Grouping Materials by State Materials can also be divided based on their state: solid, liquid, or gas. Solids (like spoons or stones) keep their shape, liquids (like water and ink) flow and take the shape of their container, while gases (like air and steam) spread out to fill any space and do not have a fixed shape.

For example:

• Solid: stone, spoon, ice, bottle, bag
• Liquid: water, ink, honey
• Gas: steam, smoke, air

Suitability of Materials Not every material is suitable for every object. Think about why certain materials are used for certain purposes. For example, umbrellas are not made from paper because paper will tear in the rain. Tables are not made from fabric as fabric cannot support weight. We use solids for objects that need strength and liquids where pouring is required.

A sample “Odd Pairs” table:

S. No.	Objects	Material	Reason
1.	Umbrella	Paper	Paper will tear if it gets wet
2.	Water bottle	Cloth	Cloth cannot hold liquids without leaking
3.	Door	Glass (thin only)	Thin glass can break easily, not safe
4.	Windowpane	Wood	Wood is not see-through

Material Properties Through Sense We can use our senses to know about materials. By touching, we find if something is rough or smooth, hard or soft, and sometimes if it feels cold, like metal. If you tap on objects with a spoon, each makes a different sound, like ting-ting for glass or dub-dub for wood.

Changes in Materials Over Time Materials may change with time or with inventions. Your grandparents might have seen many objects made of metal or wood which are now made from plastic. New materials are always being introduced, while some old materials fall out of use.

Environmental Awareness We should be careful about using materials that do not harm the environment. Using newspapers or old clothes for wrapping gifts is one way to reduce waste. Learning to separate waste into wet and dry helps recycling and keeps surroundings clean. It is important to put trash in proper bins and reuse or recycle what we can.

Activity: Sorting and Matching You can try activities such as drawing your classroom and labelling what objects are made from, sorting items into natural and artificial, or grouping solids, liquids, and gases. Here is a sample to help:

Khushi’s List	Material	Other Examples
Table, chair, door	Wood	Pencil, cupboard
Door hinges, nails	Metal	Spoon, scissors
Windowpanes, bulb	Glass	Tumbler, test tube
Electric switches	Plastic	Bucket, bottle

• Natural: tree, rock, bird, water, cotton
• Artificial: table, shoe, bag, cloth, glass bottle

Reflection and Application Discuss with friends or family how you can check what a material is made of, like testing if a shiny spoon is really metal. Drawing and matching exercises can make you aware of differences between materials. Always notice what things are made of and think about why those materials are chosen.

These learnings help us value everyday resources and keep our surroundings healthy and clean by making wise choices about materials and waste management.

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Class 3 EVS Chapter 10 Notes – The World Around Us: Complete Revision Key Points

With these Class 3 EVS Chapter 10 notes, students can easily revise all the important points about things and materials in their surroundings. The summary explains the difference between natural and artificial objects, properties of materials, and helps with everyday examples. This will make last-minute study and school preparation simpler.

Use these notes to remember the classification of solids, liquids, and gases, and understand why different objects are made from different materials. Every point is presented in easy language to support quick learning and better exam performance.