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Chemistry Practical Class 12: Understand the Concepts Better

Get Practical Knowledge about Class 12 Chemistry Chapters in Detail

The Chemistry Practical Class 12 exams are an essential part of the subject's assessment and play a vital role in the overall academic performance of the students. These practicals provide students with hands-on experience in conducting experiments, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions, which is critical to understanding the subject's practical applications.

The CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Practical Syllabus is divided into two sections - A and B. Section A consists of different experiments that students are required to perform during the practical exam. The experiments include topics such as qualitative analysis, salt analysis, and volumetric analysis. Section B consists of project work, which requires students to select a topic of their interest and carry out research and experimentation based on it.

The practical component of Class 12 Chemistry enables students to develop a better understanding of the theoretical concepts and principles taught in the classroom. It helps them to apply these concepts to real-life situations, thereby enhancing their knowledge and skills. Additionally, the Chemistry Practical Class 12 PDF enable students to develop essential skills such as observation, data collection, analysis, and problem-solving, which are valuable for higher education and future careers.

What Can Chemistry Practical Class 12 Teach Students?

The CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Practical Syllabus are an essential component of the subject's assessment, which plays a vital role in evaluating the student's understanding of the subject's practical applications. The practicals test the students on various aspects such as their ability to conduct experiments, record observations, analyze data, and draw conclusions.

The practicals test the students on their understanding of the theoretical concepts taught in the classroom, and how well they can apply these concepts in real-life situations. It helps students to develop essential skills such as observation, data collection, analysis, and problem-solving, which are critical for higher education and future careers.

The Chemistry practicals and experiments can teach students various concepts, including the importance of accuracy, precision, and safety in a laboratory setting. It teaches them to be careful while handling chemicals, apparatus, and reagents, as even small errors can lead to disastrous consequences. They learn about the significance of following protocols, procedures, and ethical practices while conducting experiments, which is essential in scientific research and development.

Vedantu is an online education platform that is providing Class 12 Chemistry Practical Viva Questions with Answers PDF for the students. Along with that, students are also provided with lab manuals that detail the process involved in the experiments. Getting such information can help the students understand the subject in a much better way.

They will be able to perform the experiments properly. Since these practical examinations for Class 12 Chemistry have significant weightage in the exams, there is no doubt the overall score of students would improve as well. So, that is one of the main reasons why students need to download the PDF files and get all the details about Chemistry Practical Class 12.

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Practical MCQs With Answers

1. Which of the following is a lyophobic sol?

a) Starch

b) Aluminium hydroxide

c) Egg albumin

d) Gum

Answer: b) Aluminium hydroxide

2. The process of separating solutes from a colloid solution through a semipermeable membrane is known as:

a) Dialysis

b) Emulsification

c) Coagulation

d) Precipitation

Answer: a) Dialysis

3. Which of the following is an emulsifying agent?

a) Water

b) Salt

c) Vinegar

d) Soap

Answer: d) Soap

4. The rate of reaction between Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid increases with:

a) Decrease in concentration of Sodium Thiosulphate

b) Decrease in concentration of Hydrochloric acid

c) Increase in concentration of Sodium Thiosulphate

d) Increase in concentration of Hydrochloric acid

Answer: c) Increase in concentration of Sodium Thiosulphate

5. Which of the following is used as an indicator in the reaction between Potassium Iodate and Sodium Sulphite?

a) Methylene blue

b) Starch solution

c) Phenolphthalein

d) Bromocresol green

Answer: b) Starch solution

6. Enthalpy of neutralisation is the heat evolved when:

a) An acid reacts with water

b) A base reacts with water

c) An acid reacts with a base

d) A salt dissolves in water

Answer: c) An acid reacts with a base

7. Enthalpy of dissolution is the heat absorbed when:

a) A solid dissolves in water

b) A gas dissolves in water

c) A liquid dissolves in water

d) A salt precipitates from a solution

Answer: a) A solid dissolves in water

8. The electrochemical cell represented by Zn/Zn2+||Cu2+/Cu is an example of:

a) Galvanic cell

b) Electrolytic cell

c) Fuel cell

d) Voltaic cell

Answer: a) Galvanic cell

9. Which of the following is an example of paper chromatography?

a) Gas chromatography

b) Column chromatography

c) Thin-layer chromatography

d) High-performance liquid chromatography

Answer: c) Thin-layer chromatography

10. The double salt of Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate is also known as:

a) Mohr's salt

b) Glauber's salt

c) Epsom salt

d) Rochelle salt

Answer: a) Mohr's salt

11. Which of the following is used for the preparation of Potassium Ferric Oxalate?

a) Ferrous sulphate and oxalic acid

b) Ferric chloride and potassium oxalate

c) Ferric chloride and oxalic acid

d) Ferrous sulphate and potassium oxalate

Answer: b) Ferric chloride and potassium oxalate

12. Which of the following compounds is prepared during the preparation of Di-benzalAcetone?

a) Acetone

b) Benzaldehyde

c) Aniline

d) p-Nitroaniline

Answer: b) Benzaldehyde

13. Which functional group is present in aldehydes?

a) -OH

b) -COOH

c) -CHO

d) -NH2

Answer: c) -CHO

14. Which of the following anions will not form a precipitate with silver nitrate?

a) Chloride

b) Sulfate

c) Carbonate

d) Acetate

Answer: d) Acetate

15. What is the purpose of using starch solution as an indicator in the reaction between Potassium Iodate (KIO3) and Sodium Sulphite: (Na2SO3)?

a) To detect the presence of iodine

b) To slow down the reaction

c) To form a colored complex with iodine

d) To detect the endpoint of the reaction

Answer: d) To detect the endpoint of the reaction.

Download Class 12 Chemistry Practical Viva Questions with Answers PDF

The experiments in the Chemistry Practical Class 12 PDF include different sections such as Surface Chemistry, Chemical Kinetics, Thermochemistry, Electrochemistry, Chromatography, Preparation of inorganic and organic compounds, tests for functional groups in organic compounds, and qualitative analysis for cations and anions, etc. These experiments test a student's knowledge and understanding of various concepts and topics in

The practicals can also help students to understand the practical applications of Chemistry in everyday life, including the production of medicines, food preservation, and water purification. The practicals and experiments can also develop their problem-solving skills, which can benefit them in their future careers as scientists, engineers, and researchers.

Furthermore, the practicals can also teach students about the significance of teamwork and collaboration in a laboratory setting. Students learn to work in groups, communicate their findings effectively, and share their knowledge and expertise with others. This skill can help them in their future careers as they work collaboratively with other professionals to solve complex problems.

Get Better in Experimenting With Chemistry Practical Class 12 PDF

Class 12 Chemistry practicals are an essential part of the CBSE curriculum, which enables students to gain practical experience and develop critical thinking skills necessary for pursuing higher education and careers in Chemistry and related fields. Download the Chemistry Practical Notebook Class 12 and start learning.

FAQs on Chemistry Practical Class 12: Understand the Concepts Better

1. What is the marks distribution for the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Practical Exam 2025-26?

For the 2025-26 session, the Class 12 Chemistry Practical exam is worth a total of 30 marks. A typical distribution of marks for the key experiments is as follows:

Volumetric Analysis (Titration): 8 Marks
Salt Analysis (Qualitative Analysis): 8 Marks
Content-Based Experiment: 6 Marks
Project Work and Viva Voce: 4 Marks
Class Record and Viva Voce: 4 Marks

Understanding this breakup is crucial for planning your preparation and focusing on high-weightage sections.

2. What are some important viva questions for the KMnO₄ titration experiment?

During the viva for the potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) titration, examiners frequently ask questions to test your fundamental understanding. Important questions include:

What is the principle of this titration? (Answer: Redox titration)
Why does KMnO₄ act as a self-indicator?
What is the exact colour change at the end-point? (Answer: Colourless to a permanent light pink)
Why is dilute sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) added to the titration flask?
What is the standard solution in this experiment, and what is a primary standard?

3. What are the most frequently asked questions in the viva for Salt Analysis?

Salt analysis is a high-weightage experiment, and viva questions focus on the systematic procedure. Key questions include:

What is the colour and solubility of the salt provided? What does it infer?
What is a group reagent? Name the group reagent for Group II cations.
Why is dilute HCl added before passing H₂S gas for Group II analysis?
Describe the confirmatory test for ammonium ion (NH₄⁺) or carbonate ion (CO₃²⁻).
What is the principle behind the flame test and which cations give a characteristic colour?

4. Why is dilute sulphuric acid added while preparing the standard solution of Mohr's salt for the KMnO₄ titration?

This is a critical conceptual question. Dilute sulphuric acid is added while preparing a standard solution of Mohr's salt (Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate) to prevent its hydrolysis. Ferrous ions (Fe²⁺) in water can hydrolyse to form ferric hydroxide (Fe(OH)₃), which would alter the concentration of Fe²⁺ ions. The acidic medium suppresses this hydrolysis, ensuring the molarity of the solution remains accurate for the titration.

5. How can you distinguish between Chloride (Cl⁻), Bromide (Br⁻), and Iodide (I⁻) ions during qualitative analysis?

A key distinguishing test involves using silver nitrate (AgNO₃) solution followed by ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH). After preparing the sodium carbonate extract and acidifying with dilute HNO₃, you add AgNO₃ solution:

Chloride (Cl⁻): Forms a white curdy precipitate (AgCl) which is soluble in ammonium hydroxide.
Bromide (Br⁻): Forms a pale yellow precipitate (AgBr) which is sparingly soluble in ammonium hydroxide.
Iodide (I⁻): Forms a yellow precipitate (AgI) which is insoluble in ammonium hydroxide.

This sequential test is a very important part of identifying anions from Group I.

6. Which content-based experiments are considered most important for the board exam?

While all experiments in the syllabus are relevant, certain types are frequently assigned. Important ones to prepare thoroughly for the 2025-26 exam include:

Functional Group Analysis: Tests for identifying alcoholic, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, and carboxylic acid groups in an organic sample.
Preparation of Inorganic Compounds: Preparing a pure sample of Potash Alum or Mohr's salt.
Preparation of Organic Compounds: The synthesis of Acetanilide or p-Nitroacetanilide.
Chromatography: Paper chromatography to separate inorganic cations (Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺) is a common and important experiment.

7. What are some expected viva questions for the tests of organic functional groups?

For the functional group analysis experiment, the viva questions focus on the reagents and reactions. Be prepared for questions like:

What is the composition of Tollens' reagent and what is it used to test for? (Answer: Aldehydes)
What is the difference in observation when Fehling's solution is added to an aldehyde vs. a ketone?
What positive test is given by a phenolic group with a neutral ferric chloride (FeCl₃) solution? (Answer: A characteristic violet/blue/green colouration).
What is the purpose of the 2,4-DNP (Brady's reagent) test? (Answer: To detect the carbonyl group in aldehydes and ketones).

8. In the preparation of potash alum, why is it crucial to cool the concentrated solution in an ice bath?

Cooling the concentrated solution in an ice bath is a critical step to induce rapid crystallization. The solubility of potash alum decreases significantly at lower temperatures. Slow cooling at room temperature would result in the formation of a few large, and possibly impure, crystals. In contrast, rapid cooling in an ice bath promotes the formation of many small, well-defined, and purer crystals by forcing the solute out of the supersaturated solution quickly.