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Class 10 Social Science MCQs for The Age of Industrialisation - CBSE 2025-26

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Key MCQ Questions for Class 10 Social Science The Age of Industrialisation

Class 10 Social Science teaches significant history topics such as the advent of industrialisation and how it began. This chapter is about Britain, the first country in the world to pioneer industrialisation and how it spread across the world. The Industrial Revolution that changed the course of history is explained topic-wise here. To check your in-depth knowledge about this chapter, download and solve the Age Of Industrialisation Class 10 MCQ and complete your preparation.


This chapter encompasses the significant events that happened during the first industrial revolution in Britain. It also explains the growth of colonies across the world by the British Empire and how it supported the Industrial Revolution. Let us take a quick look at the topics covered in this chapter first.

Topics Covered in CBSE Class 10 Social Science the Age of Industrialisation

Class 10 Social Science is a significant chapter that explains how the world changed after the advent of the first Industrial Revolution. It explains how this concept was introduced by Britain. To get a good hold of this chapter, here is a list of topics covered as per the latest syllabus.


1. Before the Industrial Revolution

  • Definition and establishment of a factory

  • Pace of Industrial Change


2. Steam Power and Hand Labour

  • Life of the contemporary workers


3. Industrialisation and the Emergence of Colonies

  • The Age of Indian Textile

  • The History of Weavers

  • Manchester comes to India


4. The Development of Factories

  • The early entrepreneurs

  • The emergence of workers


5. The Peculiarities of Industrial Growth

  • The predominance of small-scale industries


6. Market of Goods

The chronological list of events in this context explains how the concept of industries came up and how the factories were set. To understand the context of this chapter, focus on each topic and understand its importance. When you are done studying it, solve the MCQs to check how well you have understood the context.


Social Science Class 10 The Age of Industrialisation MCQs with Answers 

1. What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution on the economy of Europe?

a) It led to a decline in trade and commerce

b) It led to an increase in agricultural production

c) It led to the growth of new industries and a rise in industrial production

d) It led to the collapse of the European economy


Answer: c) It led to the growth of new industries and a rise in industrial production


2. Which industry was the first to be mechanised during the Industrial Revolution?

a) Textile industry

b) Iron and steel industry

c) Automobile industry

d) Agriculture industry


Answer: a) Textile industry


3. The 'putting-out system' was replaced by:

a) The factory system

b) The artisanal system

c) The domestic system

d) The handicraft system


Answer: a) The factory system


4. The 'Luddites' were:

a) Supporters of the Industrial Revolution

b) Workers who protested against the new machines and the factory system

c) Landlords who opposed the Industrial Revolution

d) Inventors who developed new technologies


Answer: b) Workers who protested against the new machines and the factory system


5. What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution on women's work?

a) Women were able to find better-paying jobs in factories

b) Women were excluded from industrial work and remained confined to domestic work

c) Women were able to enter new professions such as teaching and nursing

d) Women were forced to work longer hours in factories for lower wages


Answer: a) Women were able to find better-paying jobs in factories


6. What was the main reason for the growth of the cotton textile industry in Britain?

a) The availability of cheap raw materials from India and the Americas

b) The availability of skilled labor

c) The support of the government

d) The abundance of natural resources


Answer: a) The availability of cheap raw materials from India and the Americas


7. What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution on the environment?

a) It led to the depletion of natural resources

b) It had no impact on the environment

c) It led to the growth of new industries that polluted the environment

d) It led to the conservation of natural resources


Answer: c) It led to the growth of new industries that polluted the environment


8. Which of the following was a major source of power during the Industrial Revolution?

a) Solar power

b) Wind power

c) Water power

d) Nuclear power


Answer: c) Water power


9. What was the significance of the 'Factory Acts' passed in Britain in the 19th century?

a) They abolished child labor in factories

b) They established minimum wage laws

c) They regulated the working hours of women in factories

d) They established safety regulations in factories


Answer: d) They established safety regulations in factories


10. What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution on the social structure of Europe?

a) It led to the consolidation of the feudal system

b) It led to the emergence of a new middle class

c) It led to the abolition of social classes

d) It had no impact on the social structure


Answer: b) It led to the emergence of a new middle class


11. What was the significance of the 'Crystal Palace Exhibition' held in London in 1851?

a) It showcased the latest technological advancements and industrial products

b) It celebrated the traditional arts and crafts of Britain

c) It was a political rally against the Industrial Revolution

d) It showcased the wealth and power of the British Empire


Answer: a) It showcased the latest technological advancements and industrial products


12. Which industry became the symbol of the Industrial Revolution in England?

a) Steel industry

b) Textile industry

c) Mining industry

d) Agricultural industry


Answer: b) Textile industry


13. Which of the following is a feature of the cottage industry?

a) Large scale production

b) Use of machines and technology

c) Production in small-scale units at home

d) Centralized production in factories


Answer: c) Production in small-scale units at home


14. The process of converting raw materials into finished products is called:

a) Manufacturing

b) Agriculture

c) Mining

d) Trading


Answer: a) Manufacturing


15. What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution on transportation?

a) It had no impact on transportation

b) It led to the growth of new modes of transportation such as the steam engine and railways

c) It led to the decline of transportation due to the pollution caused by factories

d) It led to the promotion of traditional modes of transportation such as horses and carts


Answer: b) It led to the growth of new modes of transportation such as the steam engine and railways.


How CBSE Class 10 Social Science the Age of Industrialisation MCQs Help to Prepare?

This chapter is a crucial part of the Social Science syllabus taught to CBSE Class 10 students. Its preparation depends on how well you can answer certain types of questions. MCQs are designed to check your exact knowledge about the significant events of Industrialisation. Here is how solving the MCQs of this chapter can benefit you.


Accuracy of your Knowledge

The accuracy of your knowledge can be clearly tested when you solve the MCQs. These questions do not have open ends and are very precise. You will have to choose the right option among the four to score full. It means your exact knowledge can only deliver the right answer. Hence, the outcome of solving this list of MCQs will explain how accurate your knowledge is about Class 10 Social Science The Age of Industrialisation.


Preparation Gaps

The list of questions set by the subject experts of Vedantu is based on the topics covered in this chapter. There will be questions you find difficult to answer. Find out the topics that you did not have properly grasped. Revise the chapter and complete your preparation. It means that these MCQs will act as the perfect tool to check your preparation level. You can easily find the gaps and fill them with proper effort.


Time-bound Practice

Another brilliant reason that MCQs add to your study time is the time-bound practice. Challenge your intellect and solve these questions within a short span of time. Check how you can recall the significant information related to the topics during answering these questions. This practice will prepare you well for the MCQs of this chapter and help use your exam time more efficiently.


Focus and Confidence

Escalate your confidence by solving CBSE Class 10 History the Age of Industrialisation MCQ at home. The better you perform the higher will be your confidence. In fact, you can also work on your focus during studying and solving these questions.


Download Social Science Class 10 History the Age of Industrialisation MCQ PDF

Complete studying the chapter and download the free PDF version of Age of Industrialisation Class 10 MCQ questions with answers. Solve and compare your answers to check your preparation level. Identify the gaps in your preparation and work on them to make this chapter your strength. Make notes to simplify the concepts and context of this chapter. It will help you attempt to answer all kinds of questions asked in this chapter. Use the MCQs for your preparation as described and excel in your exams.

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FAQs on Class 10 Social Science MCQs for The Age of Industrialisation - CBSE 2025-26

1. What is meant by 'proto-industrialisation'? Explain its significance in the context of the CBSE Class 10 syllabus for the 2025-26 exams.

Proto-industrialisation refers to the phase of industrialisation that existed even before the establishment of factories in England and Europe. It was a decentralised system of production where merchants supplied raw materials to peasants and artisans in the countryside, who then produced goods for an international market. Its significance lies in creating a vast network of commercial exchange and providing a foundation for the later factory system. For a 3-mark question, you should mention the role of merchants and the involvement of rural populations.

2. How did the East India Company procure regular supplies of cotton and silk textiles from Indian weavers?

This is a frequently asked 5-mark question. The East India Company implemented a series of measures to assert a monopoly over the textile trade:

  • Elimination of Competition: They eliminated existing traders and brokers connected with the cloth trade to establish direct control.

  • Appointment of Gomasthas: They appointed paid servants called gomasthas to supervise weavers, collect supplies, and examine the quality of the cloth. These gomasthas often acted arrogantly and punished weavers for delays.

  • Advance Loan System: Weavers were given loans to purchase raw materials. However, those who took loans were bound to sell their finished products only to the gomastha and could not sell to any other buyer.

3. Why did industrial production in Britain not grow as rapidly as is often believed? Explain with two examples.

Contrary to popular belief, the growth of industrial production in Britain was gradual. This is a key concept for scoring well in exams.

  • Dominance of Traditional Industries: New industries like cotton and metal could not easily displace traditional industries. At the end of the 19th century, less than 20% of the total workforce was employed in technologically advanced industrial sectors.

  • Slow Pace of Technological Change: New technologies were expensive, and industrialists were cautious about using them. The steam engine, for example, was not widely adopted for years as its initial improvements by James Watt were slow to be perfected and implemented.

4. What was the impact of the import of Manchester cloth on the Indian weavers? This is an expected question for the board exams.

The import of machine-made textiles from Manchester had a devastating impact on Indian weavers. This is a critical topic for the board exam.

  • Collapse of the Export Market: The influx of cheap, machine-made Manchester goods flooded the Indian market, making it impossible for Indian weavers' hand-woven cloth to compete.

  • Shortage of Raw Materials: As raw cotton exports from India to Britain increased, Indian weavers were deprived of sufficient supply and were forced to buy raw cotton at exorbitant prices.

  • De-industrialisation: Many weavers abandoned their ancestral profession and became agricultural labourers, while some migrated to newly established cities in search of work.

5. Who was a 'jobber'? Explain their functions as an important part of the Indian industrial setup.

A jobber was an old and trusted worker employed by industrialists to recruit new workers. This is a common 3-mark question. Their functions were:

  • Recruitment: They got people from their villages, ensuring them jobs in the mills.

  • Financial Support: They often helped workers settle in the city and provided them with money in times of crisis.

  • Authority and Control: The jobber exercised considerable power and often began demanding money and gifts for their favour, thereby controlling the lives of the workers.

6. Why did some British industrialists in the nineteenth century prefer hand labour over machines?

This is a Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) question. Industrialists preferred hand labour for several reasons:

  • Abundance of Labour: There was a large supply of cheap labour available, so there was no shortage of workers.

  • High Cost of Machines: New machines were expensive, and their repair was costly. Industrialists were cautious about investing huge sums in them.

  • Seasonal Demand: In many industries like gas works, breweries, and book-binding, the demand for labour was seasonal. It was more profitable to employ workers only for the season rather than invest in machines.

  • Demand for Intricate Designs: In Victorian Britain, the upper classes preferred things produced by hand for their quality and intricate designs, which machines could not replicate.

7. What methods were used by manufacturers to create new markets and promote sales in nineteenth-century India?

To expand their markets, British manufacturers used several methods to attract Indian consumers:

  • Labelling: Cloth bundles were marked with labels. The 'Made in Manchester' label became a symbol of quality, instilling confidence in buyers.

  • Use of Images: Labels often carried images of Indian gods and goddesses, like Krishna or Saraswati, to make the products appeal to the religious sentiments of the people.

  • Calendars: Manufacturers printed calendars to popularise their products. Unlike newspapers, calendars were used even by people who couldn't read and were hung in homes, shops, and tea stalls, serving as a constant advertisement.

8. From an exam perspective, what are the key differences between industrialisation in Britain and industrialisation in India under colonial rule?

This is a crucial comparative question for a 5-mark answer. The key difference is that industrialisation in Britain was a natural process of economic growth, whereas in India, it was shaped by colonial interests.

  • In Britain: The focus was on machine production, factory growth, and capturing international markets. It led to the rise of a new industrial working class and urbanisation.

  • In India: The age of Indian textiles declined in the face of competition from Manchester goods. Industrial growth was limited to certain sectors and was often financed by British capital. Instead of progress, it led to the decline of traditional crafts and created a workforce dependent on colonial industries or agriculture.