Practice vital MCQs for Sectors of the Indian Economy to excel in Class 10 Social Science exams.
FAQs on Class 10 Social Science MCQs: Sectors of Indian Economy (2025-26)
1. What are the three main sectors of economic activity as per the CBSE Class 10 syllabus? List some important examples for each.
This is a fundamental and frequently asked question. For the board exams, you should define and provide examples for all three sectors clearly:
Primary Sector: This sector involves the direct exploitation of natural resources. It forms the base for all other products. Important examples include agriculture, dairy, fishing, forestry, and mining.
Secondary Sector: This sector transforms natural products into other forms through manufacturing. It is also called the industrial sector. Key examples are cotton fibre being processed into cloth, sugarcane into sugar, and iron ore into steel tools.
Tertiary Sector: This sector provides services rather than goods. It supports the primary and secondary sectors. Important examples include transportation, banking, communication, storage, trade, and teaching.
2. Explain the concept of 'disguised unemployment'. Why is this an important question for the Class 10 board exam?
Disguised unemployment is a high-probability question as it tests conceptual clarity. It is a situation where more people are employed in a job than are actually required. Even if some people are withdrawn from the activity, the total production does not fall. This type of underemployment is hidden. A classic example is from the agricultural sector, where a family of eight members may be working on a small farm plot that only requires four people to cultivate efficiently. The extra four people are disguisedly unemployed.
3. Why has the tertiary sector's share in India's GDP grown significantly, while its share in employment has not seen a similar rise?
This is a higher-order thinking (HOTS) question. The tertiary sector's share in GDP has risen due to several factors: the growing demand for services like healthcare and education, the development of IT and communication, and increased income levels. However, its employment share has not grown proportionally because:
Many service sector jobs, especially in the IT and financial sectors, are highly skilled and require specific education, which a large part of the labour force lacks.
In contrast, the primary sector (agriculture) continues to be the largest employer, absorbing most of the country's low-skilled and semi-skilled workforce, often leading to disguised unemployment.
4. What are the key differences between the organised and unorganised sectors? What types of questions on this topic can be expected in the exam?
Distinguishing between the organised and unorganised sectors is a very important topic. Expected questions may ask for a direct comparison or for an analysis of a worker's life in each. The key differences are:
Registration: The organised sector comprises enterprises registered with the government, whereas the unorganised sector consists of small, scattered units largely outside government control.
Job Security: Employment is secure in the organised sector with formal processes. In the unorganised sector, jobs are low-paid, irregular, and insecure.
Benefits: Organised sector employees get benefits like paid leave, provident fund, and medical insurance. Such benefits are absent in the unorganised sector.
5. How can the government create more and better employment opportunities in rural India, as per the 2025-26 CBSE syllabus focus?
This is a crucial application-based question. Beyond existing schemes like MGNREGA, the government can take several important steps to boost rural employment:
By promoting and locating industries and services in semi-rural areas, such as setting up agro-based industries like dal mills and cold storage facilities.
By investing in rural infrastructure like roads, transport, and communication, which can create construction jobs and facilitate economic activity.
By providing cheap agricultural credit and technical inputs to farmers to encourage multi-cropping and modern farming techniques.
By promoting rural tourism and regional craft industries to diversify income sources.
6. How is Gross Domestic Product (GDP) calculated? Explain the importance of using only the value of 'final goods and services'.
This is a core concept from the chapter. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country is the total value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a particular year. It is crucial to count only the value of final goods and services to avoid the problem of double counting. For example, if a farmer sells wheat for ₹10, a miller grinds it into flour for ₹15, and a baker sells bread for ₹25, the value of the final good (bread) is ₹25. This already includes the value of the intermediate goods (wheat and flour). Adding them all up (10+15+25) would incorrectly inflate the GDP.
7. What are the key features and objectives of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (MGNREGA)?
MGNREGA 2005 is a landmark law and an important topic for 3-mark questions. Its key objectives and features are:
It guarantees 100 days of wage employment in a financial year to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.
It aims to secure the 'right to work' as a fundamental right.
If the government fails to provide employment within 15 days, it must pay an unemployment allowance to the person.
One-third of the proposed jobs are reserved for women.
8. Compare the role of the public sector versus the private sector in India's economic development. Why is a strong public sector still considered important?
This is a critical analysis question. The private sector is driven by the motive of profit, focusing on consumer goods and services where returns are high. The public sector (owned by the government) is driven by the motive of social welfare. A strong public sector is still vital for a developing country because it undertakes large-scale, essential projects that the private sector may not find profitable, such as:
Building infrastructure like roads, railways, and dams.
Providing essential services like healthcare and education at reasonable rates.
Supporting key industries and ensuring balanced regional development.
9. What are some of the most important Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) that are frequently asked from the 'Sectors of Indian Economy' chapter?
For the objective section of the Class 10 Social Science exam, some important MCQs from this chapter include:
Q. Which sector is also known as the service sector? Answer: Tertiary Sector.
Q. GDP is the total value of _____ produced during a particular year. Answer: All final goods and services.
Q. Which of the following is an example of an organised sector activity? (Options might include a daily wage labourer, a farmer, a street vendor, and a teacher in a government school). Answer: A teacher in a government school.
Q. Under MGNREGA 2005, the number of guaranteed days of employment per year is ____. Answer: 100 days.
