
Define atomic radii , covalent radii , metallic radii ?
Answer
492.3k+ views
Hint: Since the atom is considered a sphere , the size of atom is given by the radius of the sphere . It is a very important property as many other properties are related to it .
Complete step by step answer:
Atomic radii :
Atomic radius can be defined in two ways --
The distance from the centre of the nucleus to the outermost shell containing electrons .
OR
The distance from the centre of the nucleus to the point upto which the density of the electron cloud ( probability of finding the electron ) is maximum .
Covalent radii :
Covalent radii is defined as one-half the distance between the nuclei of two covalently bonded atoms of the same element in a molecule.
Hence , for a homonuclear diatomic molecule ,
${r_{\operatorname{cov} alent}} = \dfrac{1}{2}$ [Internuclear distance between two bonded atoms ]
For example , the internuclear distance between two hydrogen atoms in the ${H_2}$ molecule is 74 pm
Therefore the covalent radius is $\dfrac{1}{2} \times 74 = 37pm$
Metallic radii :
Metallic radii is defined as one - half the internuclear distance between the two adjacent metal ions in the metallic lattice .
Note: When we compare the three types of atomic radii ( van der Waals radii , covalent radii , metallic radii ) we find out that van der Waals radius is the longest while covalent radius of an atom is the shortest , that is , van der Waals radius > metallic radius > covalent radius .
Complete step by step answer:
Atomic radii :
Atomic radius can be defined in two ways --
The distance from the centre of the nucleus to the outermost shell containing electrons .
OR
The distance from the centre of the nucleus to the point upto which the density of the electron cloud ( probability of finding the electron ) is maximum .
Covalent radii :
Covalent radii is defined as one-half the distance between the nuclei of two covalently bonded atoms of the same element in a molecule.
Hence , for a homonuclear diatomic molecule ,
${r_{\operatorname{cov} alent}} = \dfrac{1}{2}$ [Internuclear distance between two bonded atoms ]
For example , the internuclear distance between two hydrogen atoms in the ${H_2}$ molecule is 74 pm
Therefore the covalent radius is $\dfrac{1}{2} \times 74 = 37pm$
Metallic radii :
Metallic radii is defined as one - half the internuclear distance between the two adjacent metal ions in the metallic lattice .
Note: When we compare the three types of atomic radii ( van der Waals radii , covalent radii , metallic radii ) we find out that van der Waals radius is the longest while covalent radius of an atom is the shortest , that is , van der Waals radius > metallic radius > covalent radius .
Recently Updated Pages
Express the following as a fraction and simplify a class 7 maths CBSE

The length and width of a rectangle are in ratio of class 7 maths CBSE

The ratio of the income to the expenditure of a family class 7 maths CBSE

How do you write 025 million in scientific notatio class 7 maths CBSE

How do you convert 295 meters per second to kilometers class 7 maths CBSE

Write the following in Roman numerals 25819 class 7 maths CBSE

Trending doubts
State and prove Bernoullis theorem class 11 physics CBSE

What are Quantum numbers Explain the quantum number class 11 chemistry CBSE

Write the differences between monocot plants and dicot class 11 biology CBSE

1 ton equals to A 100 kg B 1000 kg C 10 kg D 10000 class 11 physics CBSE

State the laws of reflection of light

In northern hemisphere 21st March is called as A Vernal class 11 social science CBSE
