Question

Difference Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Answer 1

Hint: Prokaryotic cells are primitive cells mainly found in the unicellular organisms, and they do not nucleus, instead they contain a fragment of DNA, and the organelles are not bounded by the membranes, where as the eukaryotic cells are found in all types of multicellular organisms such as plant and animal cells and they contains nucleus and membrane bound organelles.

10 Differences Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell

While there are many Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cell Differences, they also share some common features. For example, both types of cells have a cell membrane that regulates the movement of substances in and out, and both contain ribosomes for protein synthesis. However, beyond these basic similarities, the two cell types differ significantly in their structure and organisation. Below is a breakdown of the major distinctions between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Feature	Prokaryotic Cells	Eukaryotic Cells
Type of Cell	Prokaryotic cells are always single-celled organisms.	Eukaryotic cells can be single-celled or multicellular.
Cell Size	They are small, usually between 0.2 μm and 2.0 μm.	These cells are larger, typically 10 μm to 100 μm.
Cell Wall	Prokaryotic cells have a cell wall with a complex structure.	Eukaryotic cells may have a cell wall, but it is simpler.
Nucleus	They do not have a nucleus; instead, DNA is in a nucleoid region.	They have a well-defined nucleus containing the DNA.
Ribosomes	Ribosomes are smaller in size and scattered in the cytoplasm.	Ribosomes are larger and more structured.
DNA Structure	The DNA is circular and floats freely in the cell.	The DNA is linear and found inside the nucleus.
Mitochondria	Mitochondria are not present in these cells.	Mitochondria are present and help in energy production.
Cytoplasm	The cytoplasm is present, but it does not have organelles.	Cytoplasm contains organelles with specific functions.
Endoplasmic Reticulum	These cells do not have an endoplasmic reticulum.	These cells have an endoplasmic reticulum.
Plasmids	Small DNA molecules called plasmids are commonly found.	Plasmids are very rare in these cells.
Lysosome	Lysosomes are not found in prokaryotic cells.	Lysosomes are present in these cells.
Cell Division	Prokaryotic cells divide by binary fission.	Eukaryotic cells divide through mitosis.
Flagella	The flagella are small and simple in structure.	The flagella are larger and more complex.
Reproduction	Reproduction is always asexual in prokaryotic cells.	These cells can reproduce asexually or sexually.
Examples	Examples include bacteria and archaea.	Examples include plants, animals, fungi, and protozoa.

Note: So prokaryotes are primitive cells compared to eukaryotes and in prokaryotes, both transcription and translation occurred asa  couple, which means that translation begins during the time of synthesis of mRNA, while in eukaryotic cells, mRNA is produced in the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm where translation begins freshly.