Question

the universal law of gravitation was postulated by
(A) Copernicus
(B) Newton
(C) Galileo
(D) Archimedes

Answer 1

Hint :to solve this question we have to know about the universal law of gravitation. We know that Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force which is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. This is the universal law of gravitation.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Newton formulated the Universal law of gravitation, which states that "Every particle in the universe attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the particles".
So, the right option will be option number B.

Note :
We have to know that, According to the Universal law of gravitation, the force between two bodies is directly proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Mathematically, it is represented as follows: G is the Universal Gravitation Constant. We also know that, Newton’s conclusion about the magnitude of gravitational forces is summarized symbolically as $ F = G\dfrac{{{m_1}{m_2}}}{{{r^2}}} $
Here we also have to know that, where,
F is the gravitational force between bodies
 $ {m_1} $ is the mass of one of the objects
 $ {m_2} $ is the mass of the second object
r is the distance between the centres of two objects
G is the universal gravitational constant
The constant proportionality (G) in the above equation is known as the universal gravitation constant. The precise value of G was experimentally determined by Henry Cavendish in the century after Newton’s death.