
What is the heating effect of electric current? Find the expression for calculating heat?
Answer
492.3k+ views
Hint: When electric current is supplied to a purely resistive conductor, the energy of the electric current is dissipated entirely in the form of heat and because of that the resistor gets heated. This heating of resistor is because of dissipation of electrical energy and this effect is know was Heating effect of Electric current
Complete step by step solution
Let us consider a conductor AB of resistance R having a potential difference V through which current I is flowing.
So if you want to move a charge q from point A to point B the amount of work done is given by
$ W = q \times v $
Where W is the work done, Q is the charge and , V is the potential difference.
$ \Rightarrow q = i \times R $
Where I is current flowing through the conductor and R is the resistance.
$ \Rightarrow V = I \times R $ (ohm's law)
Now we will substitute the values of q and v in the formula for work done which gives us
$ \Rightarrow W = \left( {I \times t} \right) \times \left( {I \times R} \right) $
$ \Rightarrow W = {I^2}Rt $
Here we are assuming that all the work that is done is converted into heat energy. Therefore
$ H = {I^2}Rt $ .
Additional information
Heating effect of electric current depends on three factors. Resistance of the conductor, the time duration for which current flows and the amount of current produced. As you can see from the above equation that heat produced is directly proportional to these three factors.
This equation is also called the Joules equation of electrical heating.
Note
Some of the household electrical appliances convert electrical energy into heat by this means. This includes filament lamps, fluorescent lamps, electric cookers, electric kettles etc.Resistance of the conductor, the time duration for which current flows and the amount of current produced.
Complete step by step solution
Let us consider a conductor AB of resistance R having a potential difference V through which current I is flowing.
So if you want to move a charge q from point A to point B the amount of work done is given by
$ W = q \times v $
Where W is the work done, Q is the charge and , V is the potential difference.
$ \Rightarrow q = i \times R $
Where I is current flowing through the conductor and R is the resistance.
$ \Rightarrow V = I \times R $ (ohm's law)
Now we will substitute the values of q and v in the formula for work done which gives us
$ \Rightarrow W = \left( {I \times t} \right) \times \left( {I \times R} \right) $
$ \Rightarrow W = {I^2}Rt $
Here we are assuming that all the work that is done is converted into heat energy. Therefore
$ H = {I^2}Rt $ .
Additional information
Heating effect of electric current depends on three factors. Resistance of the conductor, the time duration for which current flows and the amount of current produced. As you can see from the above equation that heat produced is directly proportional to these three factors.
This equation is also called the Joules equation of electrical heating.
Note
Some of the household electrical appliances convert electrical energy into heat by this means. This includes filament lamps, fluorescent lamps, electric cookers, electric kettles etc.Resistance of the conductor, the time duration for which current flows and the amount of current produced.
Recently Updated Pages
Master Class 12 Economics: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 12 Maths: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 12 English: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 12 Social Science: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 12 Chemistry: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Master Class 12 Biology: Engaging Questions & Answers for Success

Trending doubts
Which are the Top 10 Largest Countries of the World?

a Tabulate the differences in the characteristics of class 12 chemistry CBSE

Why is the cell called the structural and functional class 12 biology CBSE

The first general election of Lok Sabha was held in class 12 social science CBSE

Differentiate between homogeneous and heterogeneous class 12 chemistry CBSE

Derive an expression for electric potential at point class 12 physics CBSE
