The National Anthem of India

The National Anthem of India was written by a popular Bengali author, Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore. He initially wrote the song in the Bengali language and later translated it into English and Hindi. On 24th January 1950, the constitution assembly adopted the Hindi version of the song as the national anthem of India. The “Jana Gana Mana” was taken from the first stanza of the song, Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata. The national anthem should complete in 52 seconds. The national anthem of India Facts are described below. 

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The above image shows the Nobel bengali author - Rabindranath Tagore, who wrote the national anthem of India and Bangladesh. 

Why is the National Anthem Important? 

India has people from different cultures, traditions, languages and religions. The people from diverse societies are able to bring under a single umbrella if possible through the national anthem. Usually, the national anthem will bring unity among people from diverse cultures and bring a patriotic feeling among people. The national anthem of the country will glorify the nation’s beauty and rich heritage. A single song or music can bring unity among all the people in the nation. The national anthem will provide some great enthusiasm for citizens to stand together for the country. Playing the national anthem of their country will make players proud to stand in front of International forums. 

History and Facts About National Anthem of India

On 11th December 1911, Nobel prize winner  Rabindranath Tagore composed the song “Jana Gana Mana Adhinayaka”. He sang the same song on 28th December 1911 in the congress session of Calcutta. Rabindranath Tagore has also written a song  “Amar Sonar Bangla”, which was chosen as the national anthem of Bangladesh. This is entirely controversial to the “Jana Gana Mana”.  In 1912, niece of Rabindranath Tagore,  Sarala Devi Chaudhurani performed the song for the first time in front of Congress heads like Indian National Congress President, Bishan Narayan Dhar, and Ambika Charan Majumdar along with school students. 

Many controversies were also aroused against the song “Jana Gana Mana Adhinayaka”. Amartya sen said that the song was composed by George V, who was the British Emperor of India.   Later, In 1937, Rabindranath Tagore wrote a letter and clarified the controversy that the ``Jana Gana Mana” was not composed by George V. Biswas. 

While Subhas Chandra Bose was in Germany, he selected “jana gana mana” as the national anthem. On 11th September 1942, While attending the India - Germany Society foundation meeting, he  played “Jana gana mana” as the national anthem of India in the Hotel Atlantic in Hamburg. This was the first time that the Hamburg Radio Symphony Orchestra was playing the national anthem of India after Independence. 

After India’s independence, just before the first republic day the constitution assembly officially adopted the Hindi version of “Jana Gana Mana” as India’s national anthem. On 24th January 1950, President Dr Rajendra Prasad headed the constituent assembly. 

He said that both the houses of parliament sat together and decided the resolution to make “Jana Gana Mana” the national anthem of India. At the end of the session, they also provided equal status to the song  Vande Mataram, which was sung during the Indian freedom struggle and made it a national song. 

The National Anthem of India Crucial Facts at a Glance

1. The national anthem of India, Jana Gana Mana was composed by Bengali author Rabindra Nath Tagore. He wrote this song initially in Bengali. 

2. On 24th January 1950, the constituent assembly adopted this song in its Hindi version. 

3. The original song of the Indian National Anthem has five stanzas. Its first text publication was made in 1905 during the issue of Tatwabodhini Patrika

4. Initially, in January 1912, the song "Jana Gana Mana '' was first published under the title “Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata” in the book TattvaBodhini Patrika. 

5. Later, On 28th December 1919, the song was also translated to English and title “Morning Song of India '' by Rabindranath Tagore. He wrote this at the request of Dr Cousins of the Besant Theosophical College at Madnapalle. 

6. On 27th December 1911, the national anthem of India “Jana Gana Mana” was first sung at the congress session, which was held at Kolkata. 

7. For completing the entire song, it must take 52 seconds. In that, the first and last line of the stanza will take about 20 seconds.  

8. The melody of the national anthem was in the Alhaiya Bilawal raga.  And the entire song is slow-paced. The raga of the song was also composed by Rabindranath Tagore with the help of his grand-nephew Dinendranath Tagore, who was a great musician. 

9. In 1942, Rabindranath Tagore sang a song in  Hamburg Radio Symphony Orchestra in Germany

10. On 24th January 1950, the first stanza of “Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata” was officially announced as the national anthem of India. This is one of the national anthem of India facts. 

11. Initially, Subash Chandra Bose created a discussion about the selection of the national anthem for independent India. Meanwhile, he supported Tagore's other Hindi song with the Urdu word  ‘Shubh Sukh Chain’ for the national anthem. 

12. A famous artist Maqbool Fida Hussain created artwork with the title 'Bharata Bhagya Vidhata’ and designed the artwork with the lines of the National Anthem.

13. Even today, people can visit 45 feet of a mural in the wall of Tata Fundamental Institute of Research, which is located in Mumbai. 

14. During the tributary occasions, people used to sing the opening and closing line of the National anthem as a shorter version. 

15. The full version of the National Anthem was sung by  English composer Herbert Murrill at the request of the Prime minister of India Nehru using the orchestral/choral adaptation. 

16. Abid Ali translated “Jana Gana Mana” to the Hindi and Urdu languages.