Other Devices of Computer

A computer device is composed of a number of components that aid in its efficient processing and operation. Components of a computer system are the primary elements that enable an electronic device to operate smoothly and quickly.

Basic Computer Components 

The computer is made up of five fundamental parts that make data processing simple and practical.

Input Unit 

A computer will only respond when a command is issued to it. These commands can be issued through the input unit or through the input devices.

For example, we can type on a Notepad with a keyboard, and the computer will process the data and display the results on the screen.

The data entered can take the form of numbers, letters, images, and so on. We enter information into a device, the processing units convert it into computer understandable languages, and the final output is received in a human-readable language.

Output Unit

When we tell a computer to do something, it performs the action and returns a result. This is referred to as output. Several output devices are connected to the computer. The most fundamental of these is a monitor. Whatever we type on the keyboard or click with the mouse is displayed on the monitor.

Thus, once the entire processing is completed within the mechanism of a device, the output unit provides us with the final result.

Memory Unit

When we enter data into the computer using an input device, the information is immediately saved in the Central Processing Unit's memory unit (CPU). Because there is some existing programming, the Memory Unit sends the data to the other parts of the CPU.

Similarly, when the computer processes our command, the output is saved in the memory unit before being displayed to the user.

Control Unit 

This is the central processing unit that oversees the entire operation of the computer device. It is one of the most crucial components of a computer system.The Control Unit collects data from the input unit, passes it on for processing, and then receives and displays the output to the user. It is the center of all processing actions that occur within a computer device.

The Control Unit is responsible for taking instructions, interpreting entered data, issuing signals to execute the data, and finally retrieving the data.

Arithmetic & Logical Unit

All mathematical calculations or arithmetic operations are performed in the CPU's Arithmetic and Logical Unit, as the name implies.

It can also perform tasks such as data comparison and decision-making. The ALU is made up of circuits that can perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and other numerically based calculations.

Components of Computer

Types of Input and Output Devices

Input Devices:

1. Keyboard

• A keyboard is the most basic input device for entering data into a system or any other device using keys.

• It has typewriter keys that have been modified.

• Both laptops and computers use keyboards to enter commands.

• There are A through Z and number keys up to 9. There are 17 keys on the numeric keypad that can be used for various calculations. At the top row, there are function keys for specific computer features. Users can scroll through the page and make selections by using the arrow symbols on the control keys. There are also keys with specific functions, such as space, enter, shift, etc.

Keyboard

2. Mouse

• A mouse is a hand-held input device that enables users to move the cursor on the screen.

• It is also referred to as a pointing tool.

• We can use the mouse to open various files and programmes by directly clicking on the various icons on the system.

• A mouse has three buttons on top and one trackball on the bottom, which enables in selecting and moving the mouse.

• In the case of laptops, the touchpad replaces the mouse and enables the movement of the mouse pointer.

Mouse

Output Devices:

1. Monitors:

• The tool that shows all of the icons, text, images, and other things on a screen is called a monitor.

• When we instruct the computer to perform an action, the outcome is displayed on the monitor.

• Over the years, various types of monitors have also been developed.

Monitor

2. Projector: A projector is an output device that can reproduce images generated by a computer by projecting them onto a screen, wall, or other surface. In most cases, the projected surface is large, flat, and light in color.

Projector

Abbreviations of Computer Devices

Computer abbreviations are shortened versions of numerous key software terminologies. The following is a list of computer abbreviations.

Fun Facts 

• The Original Computer Weighed Nearly 27 Tons.

• The Original mouse for computers was made of wood.

• The longest word you can write on your computer's keyboard using only the letters from one row is "TYPEWRITER."

Summary

The term 'computer hardware' or 'computer parts' refers to visible and touchable computer components. Input Unit, main/internal Memory or Storage Unit, Output Unit, and Central Processing Unit are the major components of a general-purpose computer system.

Learning by Doing

Choose the correct answer:

1. What does "U" in "URL" stand for?

1. Uniform

2. United

3. Universal

4. Unicode

5. Unit

2. ROM stands for Random Access Memory?

1. True

2. False

Solved Questions

1. UPS is an Input or Output device?

Ans: UPS are neither input nor output. An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a device that allows a computer to continue operating for at least a short period of time when incoming power is disrupted. Utility power replenishes and maintains energy storage as long as it is available.

2. How many different types of memory are there in a computer?

Ans: A computer has two kinds of memory. The first is Random Access Memory (RAM), and the second is Read Only Memory (ROM) (ROM)

3. What are various Components of Computers?

Ans: The various components are:

• Motherboard.

• Input Unit.

• Output Unit.

• Central Processing Unit (CPU)

• Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

• Random Access Memory (RAM)

• Storage Unit.