Introduction
Chemistry is the study of matter in transition; yet, the term "Chemistry" has several other meanings. Chemistry has always had a tight relationship with human behavior, dating back to the dawn of time. Even we people are formed out of chemicals, so everything is tied to Chemistry. Chemistry is very important in describing the industrial environment. Chemistry has a quite important role in our daily lives. This, in turn, may be found in every aspect of our existence. In Everyday Life, we find Chemistry in the food we eat, the air we breathe, the Chemicals we wash, our feelings, and almost any surface we can see or touch.
Chemistry in Daily Life- Introduction
Chemistry is the first class of the day. The food we eat, the air we breathe, the cleaning of chemicals, our emotions, and everything we can see and touch contain chemicals.
Here are some instances of common Chemistry. Some Chemistry is self-evident, but others may surprise us. Chemical compounds, which are combinations of elements, make up our bodies. Chemical messengers, particularly neurotransmitters, are responsible for the feelings you experience. Chemistry underpins love, jealousy, envy, infatuation, and infidelity. They sit on the kitchen counter, seemingly innocuous. However, as soon as we cut an onion, tears start to flow. What is it about onions that causes them to irritate our eyes? We can be certain that everyday Chemistry is to blame. Soap is a chemical that has been produced by humans for a long time. By combining ashes and animal fat, you may make a crude soap. How can something so repulsive make you clean? The explanation has to do with how soap reacts with grease and filth that is oil-based. The Chemistry of coffee, beverages, lactose intolerance, smoking, and sleep Chemistry are all covered in the talk.
Understanding Chemistry in Daily Life will help students understand the importance of Chemistry in our daily lives. They will also be able to describe the various classifications of drugs and their effects on the body.
More About the Topic
Chemistry is a huge part of our everyday lives. The day starts with Chemistry. In the foods we eat, the air we breathe, cleaning chemicals, our feelings, and practically any surface that we can see or touch, we can find chemistry in daily life. Here's a look at daily chemical examples. Some popular chemistry may be obvious but we might be shocked by others. Our body is composed of chemical compounds which are element combinations. The emotions you experience are a result of chemical messengers, primarily neurotransmitters. In chemistry, love, jealousy, envy, infatuation, and infidelity all share a foundation.
We can be sure that the culprit is everyday chemistry. Soap is a chemical produced for a very long time by humans. Mixing ashes and animal fat allows you to form crude soap. How can something so disgusting actually clean you up? The answer is related to the way soap interacts with grease and grime based on oil. The talk also includes food, beverages, lactose intolerance, smoking, and sleep chemistry.
Importance of MCQs
Vedantu subject matter experts have established Class 12th chapter-wise practice questions as per the importance of the chapter in the CBSE board examination. This practice set contains 10 questions on Chemistry's "Chapter: Chemistry in Everyday Life" with detailed explanations.
Solved MCQs of Chemistry in Everyday Life
Among the following options which are used as tranquilizers?
Naproxene
Tetracycline
Chlorpheniramine
Equanil
Answer: (d)
Select antihistamine among the following four options?
Chloramphenicol
Diphenyl hydramine
Norethindrone
Omeprazole
Answer: (b)
Which of the following cationic detergents?
Sodium lauryl sulphate.
Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate.
Glyceryl oleate
Answer: (b)
The artificial sweetener that contains chlorine that has the look and taste of sugar and is the stable temperature for cooking?
Aspartame
Saccharin
Sucralose
Alitame
Answer: (c)
Narcotic analgesic is?
aspirin
paracetamol
codeine
cimetidine
Answer: (c)
Bactericidal antibiotic among the following is?
Ofloxacin
Erythromycin
Chloramphenicol
Tetracycline
Answer: (a)
Which of the following is not an antacid?
Phenelzine
Ranitidine
Al(OH)3
Cimetidine
Answer: (a)
The class of medicinal products used to treat stress is?
Analgesics
Antiseptics
Antihistamines
Tranquilizers
Answer: (d)
Salts of sorbic acid and propionic acid are used as?
Antioxidants
Falvouring agents
Food preservatives
Nutritional supplements
Answer: (c)
Chlorine - containing artificial sweetener that looks and tastes like sugar and is stable at cooking temperature?
Aspartame
Saccharin
Sucrolose
Alitame
Answer: (c)
Aspirin is?
Acetylsalicylic acid
Benzoyl salicylic acid
Chlorobenzoic acid
Anthranilic acid
Answer: (a)
The carboxyl functional group (―COOH) is present in which the following element?
Picric acid
Barbituric acid
Ascorbic acid
Aspirin
Answer: (a)
In hair conditioners the organic detergent used is?
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
tetramethylammonium chloride
sodium stearyl sulphate
Answer: (b)
Test Your Knowledge
The only material that can be 100 percent recycled……………….
Polythene bag
Glass
Bakelite
Cement
Which of the following is a plastic thermosetter………………..
Polythene
Plastic bucket
Plastic comb
Switches
Select a thermoplastic material from the following………………….
Handles Pressure cooker
Switches
Insulators
Polythene bags
A properly proportioned mixture of sand, cement, gravel, and water is named..................
Concrete
Asbestos
Mica
Thermite mixture
FAQs on MCQ's on Chemistry in Everyday Life
1. What are the main classes of chemicals studied in the CBSE Class 12 chapter 'Chemistry in Everyday Life'?
The chapter 'Chemistry in Everyday Life' primarily focuses on three major categories of chemical compounds that have a significant impact on our lives:
- Chemicals in Medicines (Drugs): These are chemicals used for therapeutic purposes, such as treating diseases and relieving pain. Examples include analgesics, antibiotics, and antacids.
- Chemicals in Food: These are substances added to food to enhance its appeal, increase its shelf life, or add nutritional value. Examples include food preservatives and artificial sweeteners.
- Cleansing Agents: These are substances used for cleaning purposes. This category mainly includes soaps and synthetic detergents, which have different chemical structures and properties.
2. What is the key difference between an antiseptic and a disinfectant?
The key difference lies in their application. Antiseptics are chemical agents applied to living tissues, such as skin, to kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms. Examples include Dettol and Savlon. In contrast, disinfectants are applied to non-living or inanimate objects, like floors and instruments, to destroy microorganisms. A 1% solution of phenol is a common disinfectant, whereas a much lower concentration (0.2%) is used as an antiseptic.
3. What are artificial sweetening agents and why are they necessary?
Artificial sweetening agents are chemical substances that provide a sweet taste like sugar but have negligible or no calories. They are necessary for individuals who need to restrict their carbohydrate or calorie intake, such as people with diabetes or those managing their weight. Since these compounds are not metabolised by the body, they do not increase blood sugar levels. Common examples include saccharin, aspartame, and sucralose.
4. How do tranquillizers and analgesics differ in their therapeutic action?
Tranquillizers and analgesics are both neurologically active drugs but serve different purposes. Tranquilizers are used to treat stress, anxiety, and mental diseases by acting on the central nervous system, inducing a sense of well-being without affecting clarity of thought. In contrast, analgesics are used to relieve pain. They work by reducing the brain's perception of pain signals. Analgesics can be further classified as non-narcotic (like aspirin) and narcotic (like morphine).
5. How do enzyme inhibitors function as effective drugs?
Enzyme inhibitors function as drugs by blocking the activity of specific enzymes. They typically work in one of two ways:
- They can compete with the natural substrate for the enzyme's active site, preventing the substrate from binding and stopping the metabolic reaction.
- They can bind to a different site on the enzyme (an allosteric site), which changes the shape of the active site and makes it non-functional.
By blocking an enzyme's action, a drug can interrupt a critical pathway for a pathogen or correct a metabolic imbalance in the body.
6. Why are synthetic detergents considered more effective in hard water compared to soaps?
Synthetic detergents are more effective in hard water because they do not form insoluble precipitates (scum). Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long-chain fatty acids. In hard water, they react with calcium (Ca²⁺) and magnesium (Mg²⁺) ions to form an insoluble, sticky precipitate called scum, which reduces their cleaning ability. In contrast, the charged heads of synthetic detergents (e.g., sulphonates) form soluble salts with these ions, allowing them to continue their cleansing action effectively even in hard water.
7. Why is the use of the artificial sweetener aspartame limited to cold foods and drinks?
The use of aspartame is restricted to cold applications because it is unstable at high temperatures. When heated, such as during cooking or baking, aspartame decomposes and breaks down into its constituent amino acids, causing it to lose its sweetness. This thermal instability makes it unsuitable for use in hot beverages or food items that require cooking.
8. What is the difference between broad-spectrum and narrow-spectrum antibiotics?
The difference between broad-spectrum and narrow-spectrum antibiotics lies in the range of bacteria they are effective against.
- Broad-spectrum antibiotics are effective against a wide range of disease-causing bacteria, including both gram-positive and gram-negative types. Examples include ampicillin and amoxycillin.
- Narrow-spectrum antibiotics are effective primarily against a specific family or type of bacteria, either gram-positive or gram-negative. An example is Penicillin G, which is mainly effective against gram-positive bacteria.
