The rock-cut temples at Pattadakal were built by?
VerifiedAnswer: Chalukyas
Explanation:
The magnificent rock-cut temples at Pattadakal were constructed by the Chalukya dynasty, specifically during the reign of the Western Chalukyas between the 7th and 8th centuries CE. This UNESCO World Heritage Site represents one of the finest examples of ancient Indian temple architecture and showcases the remarkable craftsmanship of the Chalukyan period.
Pattadakal served as the ceremonial capital of the Chalukya empire, where many Chalukyan kings were crowned. The site contains a group of ten temples, with the most famous being the Virupaksha Temple and the Mallikarjuna Temple, both built in the 8th century during the reign of Vikramaditya II. These temples were commissioned to celebrate the king's victories over the Pallavas of Kanchipuram.
The temples at Pattadakal showcase a unique blend of architectural styles, combining both Dravidian (South Indian) and Nagara (North Indian) temple architecture. This fusion reflects the Chalukyas' position as cultural mediators between North and South India. The rock-cut temples demonstrate the dynasty's patronage of art and religion, featuring intricate carvings depicting scenes from Hindu epics like the Ramayana and Mahabharata.
The Chalukyan architects and sculptors who created these temples were master craftsmen who carved directly into the sandstone rock formations. The temples feature elaborate pillars, detailed wall sculptures, and beautifully crafted sanctuaries that have survived for over a millennium. The site also includes the Jain Narayana Temple and the Papanatha Temple, showcasing the religious tolerance of the Chalukyan rulers who supported multiple faiths during their reign.
