Question

The main hindrance to national integration in India is ___________________
A. Language policy of the government
B. The non-functioning of the National Integration Council
C. The formation of linguistic states
D. The absence of strong national consciousness

Answer 1

Hint:India is a diverse country with various cultures and ethnic values. It is this diversity that evokes a diverse set of feelings in citizens and particularly towards their community only.
-Majority of the people in India are influenced by their community and they happen to believe they are above others. It is this thought that hinders national harmony.

Complete answer:
National integration could be a socio-psychological method through which a sense of unity, commonality and cohesion develops within the hearts of the folks.
Though the Indian constitution provides stress on the integrity of the country and doesn't favor any explicit language, caste, faith, or any cluster however still folks fe to their explicit faith, caste, and language.
Because of this passion in several areas they raise their voice to own a separate state on the basis of language, caste, and faith. This results in weakening the unity of the nation.
For instance, before 1956 folks demanded the formation of Andhra on the basis of their language. Later several states were additionally divided. The geographic area was divided into the geographic area and Haryana. "Sons of soil theory " advocates for preference to native folks in government and personal jobs. In some states, they furnish catchwords for their state national like province for Assamese, geographical region for Maharashtrians, etc.
So the factors of language, caste, creed, and politics have divided the national unity. People are more associated with their clans. Hence, it leads to the absence of national consciousness.

Additional Information
National integration plays a dynamic role in creating the country mutually. This happens solely by uniting each section of society. It provides the formation of civil rights for every nation. It conjointly offers an equal platform in terms of social, cultural, and economic development.
National integration conjointly helps to unite the minorities also as offers them the liberty to measure their life in their manner with non interference. Therefore National integration is additionally essential for the country’s development. As a result, a country with national unity can forever flourish and develop.

The correct answer is Option D.

Note:National Integration Day is observed each year on the 19th of November in India. It's celebrated because of the birthday remembrance of the prime minister of India Mrs. Gandhi.

The factors that result in National integration-
1) Historical Factors:- The folks of India had fought mutually to achieve Independence and struggled along to realize the betterment. This results in a way of unity among folks.
2) Geographical Factors - India contains a sort of Geographical option with the Himalaya Mountains within the North, the ocean within the South, etc. that promotes interaction among the folks of the state.
3) Cultural Factors - India harbors a range of cultures. The various cultures co-exist and study one another that promotes brotherhood.