Question

What are the basic concepts of thermodynamics?

Answer 1

Hint:The science of the relationship between heat, work, temperature, and energy is called thermodynamics. Thermodynamics, in its broadest sense, is concerned with the transfer of energy from one place to another and from one form to another. The fundamental idea is that heat is a type of energy that corresponds to a specific quantity of mechanical labor. Now we are going to learn about the basic concepts of thermodynamics.

Complete step-by-step solution:
There are various concepts in thermodynamics. They are,
System of Thermodynamics
Process of Thermodynamics
Properties of Thermodynamics
System of Thermodynamics-
A thermodynamic system is a part of matter with a defined boundary on which we concentrate our attention. The system boundary might be fixed or flexible, and it can be real or imaginary. The following are the names of the three thermodynamic systems:
Isolated System - A system that is separated from its surroundings is unable to exchange both energy and mass. The universe is thought to be a self-contained system.
Closed System - The transmission of energy takes place across the closed system's boundary, but the transfer of mass does not. Closed systems include refrigerators and gas compression in piston-cylinder assemblies.
Open System - Both mass and energy can be moved between the system and its surroundings in an open system. An open system is a steam turbine, for example.
Process of Thermodynamics-
Whenever there is an energetic shift within a system, such as a change in pressure, volume, or internal energy, it is called a thermodynamic process.
The following are four thermodynamic processes that have distinct properties:
Isochoric Process - A process having no change in volume and no work is done by the system.
Adiabatic Process - There is no heat transmission into or out of the system during this procedure.
Isobaric Process - A procedure in which there is no change in pressure.
Isothermal Process - A process in which there is no change in temperature.
Properties of Thermodynamics:
Thermodynamic properties are defined as a system's distinguishing characteristics that can be used to specify the current state.
There are two types of properties-
intensive
extensive.
Temperature and pressure are both intense attributes. The terms volume, energy, and enthalpy cover a wide range of concepts.

Note:Thermodynamics is concerned with the starting and final states of a system changing, rather than how and at what rate these energy changes are carried out. It's also worth noting that thermodynamics is a macroscopic field of study. It means it is concerned with the bulk system rather than the molecular structure of stuff.