How To Solve Subtraction For Class 3 With Borrowing And Word Problems
If you bought fifty candies in the morning and ate 23 candies at night, then what is the total number of candies left with you? Do you know the answer to this question? Let us learn the concept of subtraction for class 3 with questions and various examples.
The basic concept of subtraction was taught in the previous classes. In subtraction for class 3, we will learn a little advanced concept of subtraction. We will see how to do subtraction sums for class 3 with borrowing. We will be looking at the concept with various examples of subtraction sums. Additional questions will also be provided at the end. Subtraction sums for class 3 will also be shared at the end. So, let us begin the module now.
Basic Rules of Subtraction
Subtraction has various parts in which it is divided. Minuend, Subtrahend, Minus sign and equals sign are the parts of Subtraction. In the example of 9-8=1, 9 is minuend, 8 is subtrahend, - is the minus sign, and = is the equals sign.
Subtraction is used to calculate the remaining number from the two given numbers. There are certain basic rules to the concept of subtraction. We have to write the two given numbers in a tabular form. The larger number will always be at the top of the smaller number. We always start by subtracting the digits which are on the rightmost side. Further, the tens place digits are subtracted, then the hundredth, and so on.
Subtraction through Number Line
Number Line Representation of Subtraction
Through this number line representation, we can see the basic concept of subtraction. We first mark the larger digit out of the two given numbers. Then we go back to the left side of the line and mark the second digit. After that we count the numbers in between, which is the final answer of the subtraction. 2 is the answer of 4-2.
Subtraction Without Borrowing
This is a simple form of subtraction. This can be done by simply following the basic rules of subtraction. We keep the larger number at the top and start subtracting by the one's side. Let us take an example to understand this concept.
An Example of Subtraction
To subtract 35 from 87, we first subtract 5 from 7 and write the answer 2 in the One's column. After that, we find the subtraction of 3 from 8 and write the answer 5 in the Tens box. This is how a subtraction without borrowing is done.
Subtraction with Borrowing
In some cases, the numbers to which we have to subtract are smaller. See the example given below, in this case, 8 cannot be subtracted from 0. Hence, let us understand this concept step by step.
First, start from the One's side and write the digit above it.
The next step is to take a carry from the tens number which is 5 in this case.
After taking the carry the number above the one digit will become 10.
Subtract 8 out of 10 and write the answer 2 below in the column.
Now that 5 has given 1 carry to 0, only 4 is left.
Finally, subtract 3 out of 4 and write the answer 1 below.
Subtraction Example with Borrowing
Solved Examples of Subtraction Sums
Q1. At a birthday party, Sonu invited 100 people and only 50 showed up. How many people did not come for the part?
Birthday Party
Ans: We solve this kind of question like:
Total number of people Sonu invited = 100
The number of people who showed up = 50
The number of people who did not come= was 100 - 50
The answer would be 50 people.
Q2. A black sheep walks 50 metres in the morning and 40 more in the evening? How many steps did it walk in the evening?
Black Sheep
Ans: We solve this kind of question like:
Total number of steps frog walks in the morning = 50
Number of frog walks in the evening = 40
Number of steps it walked less in the evening = 50 - 40
The answer would be 10 steps.
Practice on your own
(Subtraction sums for class 3 with borrowing)
Q1: 672 - 563=?
Ans: 109
Q2: 432-234=?
Ans: 198
Summary
Subtraction is a very important concept for the students to make their base level strong. These concepts will always be helpful in all kinds of theoretical and practical questions. The advanced forms of subtraction are added class by class. Students must apply these rules in their daily lives as well. Whenever they go to buy snacks or candies, they must use these concepts. They should also practice more and more worksheets for a better understanding. These are a good form of understanding.
FAQs on Subtraction For Class 3 Complete Guide With Methods And Examples
1. What is subtraction for Class 3?
Subtraction is the mathematical operation of taking one number away from another to find the difference. In Class 3 Maths, subtraction helps students find how much is left or how much more one number is than another.
- The number from which we subtract is called the minuend.
- The number that is subtracted is called the subtrahend.
- The answer is called the difference.
2. How do you solve subtraction sums step by step?
To solve subtraction sums, subtract the smaller number from the larger number place by place starting from the ones column.
- Step 1: Write numbers in columns (ones, tens, hundreds).
- Step 2: Start subtracting from the ones place.
- Step 3: Move to tens and then hundreds.
- 8 − 5 = 3
- 6 − 2 = 4
3. What is borrowing in subtraction?
Borrowing in subtraction is when we take 1 from the next higher place value to subtract a bigger digit from a smaller digit.
- If the top digit is smaller than the bottom digit, we borrow 1 from the next column.
- The borrowed 1 becomes 10 in the current place.
- 2 is smaller than 8, so borrow 1 ten.
- 12 − 8 = 4
- 4 − 3 = 1
4. What is subtraction without borrowing?
Subtraction without borrowing is when each digit of the minuend is greater than or equal to the subtrahend digit in the same place value.
- No regrouping is needed.
- Subtract digits directly column by column.
- 4 − 1 = 3
- 7 − 2 = 5
5. What is the formula for subtraction?
The basic subtraction formula is Minuend − Subtrahend = Difference. This formula shows how one number is taken away from another.
- Minuend: The number you start with.
- Subtrahend: The number you subtract.
- Difference: The final answer.
6. How do you subtract 3-digit numbers?
To subtract 3-digit numbers, write them in columns and subtract from ones to hundreds, borrowing if needed.
- Step 1: Arrange numbers by place value.
- Step 2: Subtract ones.
- Step 3: Subtract tens.
- Step 4: Subtract hundreds.
- 5 − 3 = 2
- 4 − 2 = 2
- 3 − 1 = 2
7. What is the difference between addition and subtraction?
Addition combines numbers to find the total, while subtraction takes away numbers to find the difference.
- Addition: 25 + 15 = 40 (finding total)
- Subtraction: 40 − 15 = 25 (taking away)
8. How can I check my subtraction answer?
You can check subtraction by adding the difference to the subtrahend to see if you get the minuend.
- Step 1: Take your answer (difference).
- Step 2: Add it to the subtrahend.
- Step 3: If the result equals the minuend, your answer is correct.
- 32 + 24 = 56 ✔
9. Can you give a word problem on subtraction for Class 3?
A subtraction word problem finds how many items are left after some are taken away.
- Example: Riya had 80 candies. She gave 35 candies to her friend. How many are left?
- Solution: 80 − 35 = 45
10. What are common mistakes in subtraction for Class 3?
Common subtraction mistakes include incorrect borrowing, wrong place value alignment, and calculation errors.
- Not arranging numbers correctly by place value.
- Forgetting to reduce the tens digit after borrowing.
- Subtracting the bigger digit from the smaller one without borrowing.
