Cultivation of Food Crops in India

Cultivation of food crops is the major occupation in India. The major part of the Indian economy stands on the cultivation of food grain crops. Farmers and agriculture are the backbone of our country. That's the reason several organizations' competitive examinations kept the GK quiz on the cultivation of food crops in India as mandatory to provide awareness and sound knowledge of one's nation's economy and the importance of the cultivation of food grains. 

Not only from the examination point of view but also food is the basic need for every human being. So if everyone should learn how the food is getting and how the cultivation is going on, what are their needs, what are their obstacles etc everything has to be understood. It is the basic responsibility of every individual. So preparing GK questions and answers on the cultivation of food grain crops in India is very beneficial and appreciable. Let's have a glance at a few GK questions and answers on the cultivation of food grains in India.

GK questions on Cultivation of Crops

Major Types of Crops in India: 

Rabi crops are planted in winter from October to December and gathered in summer from April to June. A portion of the significant rabi crops are wheat, grain, peas, gram and mustard. However, these harvests are filled in enormous parts of India, states from the north and north- western parts like Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh (UP) are one of the most significant places for wheat and rabi crops creation.

Accessibility of precipitation during cold weather a long time because of the western calm tornadoes help in the accomplishment of these yields. In any case, the achievement of the green upheaval in Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh what's more, portions of Rajasthan has additionally been an significant factor in the development of the abovementioned referenced rabi crops.

Kharif crops are cultivated at the beginning of storms nationwide and collected in September-October. Significant yields developed during this season are paddy, maize, jowar, bajra, tur (arhar), moong, urad, cotton, jute, groundnut and soybean. Probably the main rice-developing districts are Assam, West Bengal, waterfront areas of Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Maharashtra, especially the (Konkan coast) alongside Uttar Pradesh what's more, Bihar. As of late, paddy has additionally become a significant harvest of Punjab and Haryana. In states like Assam, West Bengal and Odisha, three harvests of paddy are filled in a year. These are Aus, Aman and Boro. 

In the middle of the rabi and the kharif seasons, there is a short season throughout the late spring months known as the Zaid season. Some of the yields created during 'zaid' are watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber, vegetables and grub crops. Sugarcane takes close to 12 months to develop.

India and Agriculture:

Farming, with its associated areas, is the biggest wellspring of jobs in India. 70% of its provincial families actually rely basically upon agribusiness for their job, with 82% of ranchers being little and minimal. In 2017-18, all out food grain creation was assessed at 275 million tons (MT). India is the biggest maker (25% of worldwide creation), shopper (27% of world utilization) and merchant (14%) of heartbeats on the planet. India's yearly milk creation was 165 MT (2017-18), making India the biggest maker of milk, jute and beats, and with world's second-biggest dairy cattle populace 190 million in 2012.(153) It is the second-biggest maker of rice, wheat, sugarcane, cotton and groundnuts, just as the second-biggest leafy foods maker, representing 10.9% and 8.6% of the world foods grown from the ground creation, separately. 

Notwithstanding, India actually has many developing concerns. As the Indian economy has differentiated and developed, horticulture's commitment to GDP has consistently declined from 1951 to 2011. While accomplishing food adequacy underway, India actually represents a fourth of the world's eager individuals and home to more than 190 million undernourished individuals. Rate of neediness is presently fixed at almost 30%. According to the Global Nutrition Report (2016), India positions 114th out of 132 nations on under-5 hindering and 120th out of 130 nations on under-5 squandering and 170th out of 185 nations on pervasiveness of weakness. Weakness keeps on influencing 50% of ladies remembering pregnant ladies and 60 percent of youngsters for the country. 

While farming in India has accomplished grain independence yet the creation is, asset serious, cereal driven and territorially one-sided. The asset concentrated methods of Indian agribusiness has raised genuine maintainability issues as well. Expanding weight on water assets of the nation would require a realignment and reexamining of strategies. Desertification and land debasement additionally present significant dangers to farming in the country. 

The social viewpoints around horticulture have likewise been seeing evolving patterns. The expanded feminisation of agribusiness is for the most part because of expanding rustic metropolitan movement by men, ascent of ladies headed families and development in the creation of money crops which are work serious in nature. Ladies perform huge assignments, both, in ranch just as non-ranch exercises and their interest in the area is expanding, however their work is treated as an augmentation of their family work, and adds a double weight of homegrown obligations.

Some Facts about Cultivation of Crops in India:

• The food corporation of India was set up in 1965. The central government of India had stepped forward to set up this corporation. The responsibilities of the food corporation of India are importing, exporting, trading, storing, processing nutritious food, rice milling, etc all the activities related to the food crops were looked after by FCI. 

• Because of favorable climatic conditions and soil, India always stood first in the production of cotton throughout the world. 

• The major rabi crops are barley, wheat, mustard, sesame, oats, grams, etc. 

• Whenever the rainfall ranges from 180 to 250 cm and on alluvial soil, at river deltas, it is easy to grow rice, jute, and tea plants. 

• Among all the 29 states, Madhya Pradesh is the highest producer of wheat in India. The climatic conditions and soil in Madhya Pradesh are favorable to cultivate wheat crops. 

• From the statistics given by the ministry of agriculture, the top three states producing weight in India are Madhya Pradesh,  Punjab, and Bihar respectively.