Various diseases have differing symptoms. Early detection of these traits helps in not just proper diagnosis of these diseases, but also reduces chances of it becoming fatal. As a result, it is necessary for students to note the various traits and characteristics of the most common diseases which are prevalent in this country.
You will find symptoms of multiple diseases mentioned here. Notably, some of the traits and characteristics are also vital as a part of your Biology curricula.
Different Signs and Symptoms of Prevalent Diseases
Read on to know about the difference between signs and symptoms class 9. Furthermore, vital traits and characteristics of different ailments are also listed below in detail.
While signs and symptoms are used interchangeably, these mean different things. The symptoms associated with an ailment can be described by the person suffering from it. On the contrary, standard signs can be indicating illness or physical health.
Symptoms of Various Diseases
Symptoms of Malaria: fever, nausea, muscle pain.
Symptoms of Typhoid: fever, loss of appetite, abdominal pain.
Symptoms of Dengue: high fever, pain behind eyes, skin rash.
Symptoms of Gerd: chest pain, difficulty in swallowing, a sensation of a lump in throat.
Symptoms of Psoriasis: inflamed patches on skin, soreness around patches.
Symptoms of Nipah Virus: acute respiratory illness, fatal encephalitis.
Symptoms of Heart Attack: cold sweat, pressure, heartburn.
Symptoms of Paralysis: twitching, muscle stiffness, slurred speech.
Symptoms of Brain Tumour: vision problem, loss of memory, loss of balance.
Symptoms of Low Blood Pressure: dizziness, blurred vision, increased thirst.
Symptoms of High Blood Pressure: nausea and vomiting, headache, lightheaded.
Symptoms of Appendicitis: nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal pain.
Symptoms of Hernia: bulge in pubic bone, aching, pain in bowel movement.
Symptoms of Stomach Ulcer: blood present in vomit, indigestion, vomiting.
Symptoms of Gastric: stomach ulcers, Upper abdominal pain, heartburn.
Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: diarrhoea, constipation, bloating.
Symptoms of Food Poisoning: fever, vomiting, upset stomach.
Symptoms of Uric Acid: swelling in ankle, joint pain.
Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism: heat intolerance, palpitation, frequent bowel.
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism: sore muscles, high cholesterol, fatigue.
Symptoms of Kidney Failure: inability to urinate, weight loss, appetite loss.
Symptoms of Kidney Infection: painful urination, fever, nausea.
Symptoms of Kidney Stone: sharp pain in abdomen, painful urination.
Symptoms of Urine Infection: painful, frequent urination, bloody urine, cramps.
Symptoms of Tuberculosis: bloody sputum, chest pain, night sweat, chronic cough.
Symptoms of Diabetes Type 2: frequent urination, blurry vision, skin patches.
Symptoms of Liver Problems: abdominal swelling, itchy skin, yellowing of skin.
Symptoms of Anaemia: low body temperature, weakness, breathlessness.
Symptoms of Fatty Liver: yellow skin, nosebleed.
Symptoms of Blood Cancer: itchy skin, frequent infection, chest pain.
Symptoms of Lung Cancer: coughing up blood, hoarseness, chest pain.
Symptoms of Throat Cancer: neck mass, change in voice, persistent cough.
Symptoms of Colon Cancer: blood in stool, diarrhoea, abdominal pain.
Symptoms of Skin Cancer: pale skin, itchy patch.
Symptoms of Pneumonia: fever, chest pain, chills.
Symptoms of Flu: cough, headache, runny nose.
Symptoms of Dehydration: excessive thirst, dark urine, low blood pressure.
Symptoms of Sinusitis: blocked nose, high temperature, toothache.
Symptoms of Asthma: rapid breathing, severe wheezing, chest pressure.
Symptoms of Vitamin D Deficiency: muscle pain, hair loss, impaired healing.
Symptoms of Vitamin B12 Deficiency: pale skin, muscle weakness, heart palpitation.
Symptoms of Calcium Deficiency: easy fracture of bones, muscle cramps.
Symptoms of Anxiety: agitation, excessive worrying, tensed muscles.
Symptoms of Depression: concentration problem, hopelessness, restlessness, insomnia.
Symptoms of Menopause: irregular periods, night sweats, vaginal dryness, hot flashes.
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FAQs on Symptoms of Various Diseases
1. What is the main difference between a 'sign' and a 'symptom' of a disease?
The primary difference lies in who observes them. A symptom is a subjective experience that only the patient can feel, such as a headache, nausea, or fatigue. A sign is an objective, measurable indication of a disease that can be observed by a doctor or another person, like a fever, a skin rash, or high blood pressure.
2. What are the characteristic symptoms of common bacterial diseases like Typhoid and Pneumonia?
While both are bacterial, their symptoms target different body systems.
- Typhoid: Caused by Salmonella typhi, its symptoms include sustained high fever (39° to 40°C), weakness, stomach pain, constipation, headache, and loss of appetite. In severe cases, intestinal perforation may occur.
- Pneumonia: This infects the lung alveoli (air sacs). Symptoms include fever, chills, cough producing phlegm, and headache. In severe infections, the lips and fingernails may turn a greyish or bluish colour due to a lack of oxygen.
3. How can one identify the symptoms of a protozoan disease like Malaria?
Malaria, caused by the Plasmodium parasite, has a very distinct pattern of symptoms. The most classic sign is a recurring cycle of high fever and chills that happens every three to four days. This cycle corresponds to the parasite rupturing red blood cells to release toxins. Other general symptoms include headache and body aches.
4. What are the typical symptoms associated with common fungal infections like Ringworm?
Ringworm is a misleading name, as it is caused by a fungus, not a worm. The main symptom is the appearance of dry, scaly lesions on various parts of the body, such as the skin, nails, or scalp. These lesions are often circular (ring-shaped) and are accompanied by intense itching.
5. Why are the initial symptoms of many different diseases, like fever and headache, often so similar?
These general symptoms are not caused directly by the pathogen itself but are a result of the body's own innate immune response. When a pathogen is detected, the immune system releases chemicals called pyrogens that raise the body's temperature, causing a fever. This generalised response is the body's first line of defence against any invader, which is why vastly different illnesses can have a similar start.
6. How do the symptoms of a viral disease like the common cold differ from a bacterial infection like pneumonia?
Although both can affect the respiratory system, their symptoms differ in location and severity. A common cold (viral) primarily infects the upper respiratory tract, leading to symptoms like a runny or stuffy nose and a sore throat. In contrast, pneumonia (often bacterial) infects the lungs' air sacs (alveoli), causing more severe symptoms like a deep cough, chest pain, and significant difficulty in breathing.
7. Why is it crucial to identify the specific symptoms of a disease instead of just treating general feelings of illness?
Identifying specific symptoms is crucial for an accurate diagnosis, which determines the correct treatment. For example, using antibiotics for a viral infection like the common cold is ineffective and can contribute to antibiotic resistance. Specific symptoms (like a ring-shaped rash for ringworm or cyclic fever for malaria) act as vital clues for doctors to prescribe the right pathogen-specific medicine, ensuring a faster and more effective recovery.
8. Can a disease be present without any observable symptoms? What is this state called?
Yes, a person can be infected with a pathogen without showing any outward signs or symptoms. This is known as an asymptomatic infection. The period between initial infection and the appearance of the first symptom is called the incubation period. During this time, the pathogen multiplies inside the body. A person in this state can still be contagious and unknowingly spread the disease to others.
