Definition Structure and Function of the Seminal Vesicle
The seminal vesicle is also known as the seminal or the vesicular gland that is situated in the male pelvis. There are two different glands that are located on either side of the male pelvis. The main function of the seminal vesicle is to produce most of the important ingredients used in the creation of semen in the male reproductive system. About 70% of the total semen volume is provided by the seminal vesicle.
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Hence, it can be said without a single speck of doubt that the seminal vesicle is an essential part of the entire male reproductive system. In this article, students will consider the anatomy of seminal vesicles, their functions, and what are enlarged seminal vesicles.
Anatomy and Location of Seminal Vesicle
The seminal vesicle or the seminal glands are a pair of tubular glands that are five cm long each. The location of the bilateral seminal vesicles is between the rectum and the bladder fundus. The rectum and the bladder fundus are separated from each other due to the presence of rectoprostatic fascia and the rectovesical pouch.
One of the important anatomical relations that the seminal vesicle has is with the ductus deferens. The duct situated in the seminal vesicle is combined with the vas deferens in order to create the ejaculatory duct. This duct drains to the entire prostatic urethra. The basic structure of the seminal vesicle resembles that of a honeycomb. It has a lobulated structure and has a mucosa that is lined with pseudostratified columnar epithelium. The pseudostratified columnar epithelium can be defined as columnar cells which are under the influence of testosterone and hence grow taller with the higher levels. These structures are responsible for the formation of the seminal vesicle fluid.
The Function of Seminal Vesicles
The secretions that are formed in the seminal gland tend to have a very important role to play in the proper functioning of the semen that is produced in the male reproductive system. It makes up about 70% of the entire volume of the semen produced. It is an extremely important thing to note that the first few fractions of the semen that is expelled will contain spermatozoa and other prostatic secretions. In the later fractions of the semen, the seminal vesicle fluids are present. Hence, it can be said without a single speck of doubt that seminal vesicles and prostate gland make up all the semen that is produced. The main function of seminal vesicles is to secrete the fluids that make up the semen.
The alkaline fluid, for example, helps in neutralizing the acidic environment of both the vagina and the male urethra in order to make sure that the spermatozoa are able to survive there. Another fluid known as Prostaglandins helps in surpassing the immune response of the female system to foreign semen. Fructose plays an important role in providing a proper energy source for spermatozoa. There are certain clotting factors present in the fluid in order to ascertain the trajectory of the semen in the female reproductive system after ejaculation.
Different Seminal Vesicles Problems
There could be so many different medical conditions that tend to affect the seminal vesicles. However, these cases are very rare. Here are some medical conditions that tend to have an effect on the seminal vesicle.
Infection in Seminal Vesicle
There might be some abscess forming in the seminal vesicle in case there is a bacterial infestation in the area. This can occur from the infections that happen in the prostate gland as well as the urethra of the male. In this situation, the enlarged seminal vesicles causes the gland to swell and have some pain. There might also be some pus as a result of the infection. It is important to drain the abscess in order to overcome the problem.
Seminal Vesicle Cysts
There might be some cysts that are formed in the seminal vesicle. Although they are asymptomatic, they can cause some problems in the future for sure. Some prior infections and surgery could be the reason for the formation of the cyst in the seminal vesicle. Some of the major symptoms of such medical conditions include penile pain, enlarged seminal vesicles, blood in the urine, and much more.
Apart from that, stones and cancer in the seminal vesicles are also considered to be effective medical conditions that take place in the seminal vesicle. It is important for the person to go see the doctor and get a seminal vesicle ultrasound to get more details on their medical condition.
Conclusion
The above-mentioned article provides some important information about the seminal vesicles and the diseases that these have. For proper enlarged seminal vesicles treatment, one needs to consult a doctor immediately.
FAQs on Seminal Vesicle in Human Male Reproductive System
1. What is the seminal vesicle?
The seminal vesicles are a pair of male accessory reproductive glands that produce a major portion of the fluid in semen. They are located behind the urinary bladder and in front of the rectum. Each seminal vesicle joins with the vas deferens to form the ejaculatory duct, which opens into the urethra.
2. What is the function of the seminal vesicle?
The primary function of the seminal vesicles is to secrete a nutrient-rich fluid that forms a large part of semen and supports sperm survival. Their secretions:
- Provide fructose as an energy source for sperm
- Contain prostaglandins that aid sperm movement in the female tract
- Include clotting proteins that help semen temporarily coagulate after ejaculation
3. What does the seminal vesicle secrete?
The seminal vesicles secrete an alkaline, viscous fluid rich in nutrients and signaling molecules. This fluid contains:
- Fructose for sperm energy
- Prostaglandins to stimulate uterine contractions
- Fibrinogen-like proteins for semen coagulation
- Ascorbic acid and other enzymes
4. Where are the seminal vesicles located in the male body?
The seminal vesicles are located posterior to the urinary bladder and anterior to the rectum in the male pelvis. Each gland lies above the prostate gland and connects to the vas deferens to form the ejaculatory duct. Their position allows their secretions to mix with sperm before entering the urethra.
5. How do the seminal vesicles contribute to semen formation?
The seminal vesicles contribute most of the fluid volume in semen by adding nutrient-rich secretions to sperm. The process occurs in steps:
- Sperm travel from the epididymis through the vas deferens
- Seminal vesicle fluid is added in the ejaculatory duct
- The mixture then passes through the prostate gland, which adds more fluid
6. What is the difference between the seminal vesicle and the prostate gland?
The seminal vesicles and the prostate gland are different accessory glands with distinct functions in semen production. Key differences include:
- Seminal vesicles: Produce fructose-rich fluid forming 60–70% of semen
- Prostate gland: Secretes a milky, slightly acidic fluid with enzymes like PSA
- Location: Seminal vesicles are behind the bladder; the prostate lies below the bladder
7. Are seminal vesicles present in females?
No, seminal vesicles are not present in females because they are male-specific accessory reproductive glands. Females have different reproductive structures such as the ovaries, uterus, and vagina, which perform functions related to oogenesis and pregnancy rather than semen production.
8. What is the role of fructose in seminal vesicle secretion?
The fructose in seminal vesicle secretion serves as the main energy source for sperm cells. It:
- Provides fuel for sperm motility
- Supports sperm survival in the female reproductive tract
- Enhances the chances of successful fertilization
9. How are the seminal vesicles structured?
The seminal vesicles are elongated, coiled tubular glands with a folded inner lining. Structurally, they have:
- A highly folded mucosa that increases surface area for secretion
- A muscular wall that helps expel fluid during ejaculation
- A duct that joins the vas deferens to form the ejaculatory duct
10. Why are the seminal vesicles important for male fertility?
The seminal vesicles are important for male fertility because they produce fluid that nourishes, protects, and enhances sperm function. Their secretions:
- Supply fructose for energy
- Create an alkaline environment that helps neutralize vaginal acidity
- Provide substances that improve sperm transport
