Multiple Choice Questions on Meiosis Stages and Processes
Meiosis is a mechanism in which a single cell divides twice to produce four cells that contain half of the original amount of genetic data. Those cells are our sex cells-male sperm, female eggs.
One cell divides up twice during meiosis to create four daughter cells. These four daughter cells are only half as numerous as chromosomes of the parent cell-haploid.
Meiosis is divisible into nine stages. These are divided between the first division of the cell (meiosis I) and the second division thereof (meiosis II).
Solved MCQs on Meiosis
1. The RNA and protein synthesis occurs in______
M phase
S phase
G1 Phase
G2 phase
Answer: c
Explanation: The first phase of the cell cycle is phase G1. It is an integral part of the Interphase. RNA and protein synthesis occurs in Phase G1.
2. When does synapsis occur at Meiosis?
Zygotene
Leptotene
Diplotene
Pachytene
Answer: a
Explanation: Zygotene is the second stage of the Meiosis prophase. Bivalents are seen as shaping the synaptonemal complexes. Synapsis facilitates the exchange of genetic material between the chromosomes.
3. Spindle fibers are formed by___________
Spindles
Tubulin
Flagella
Humulin
Answer: b
Explanation: Spindle fibers are made up of microtubules. Microtubules are polymers of alpha- and beta-tubulin dimers. Tubulin is a Globular Protein It helps in dividing cells.
4. Chromosomes break during?
Prophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
Telophase
Answer: b
Explanation: The 3rd stage of cell division is anaphase. During this point, chromosomes move away from each other towards opposite spindle poles.
5. Replication of centriole occurs in ______________
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Answer: a
Explanation: Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle in which typical cells submit most of their lives. It is divided into the G1, S phase, and G2 phase. The S phase is characterized by biosynthetic activity such as duplication of DNA and centrioles.
6. Colchicine arrests which of the following stages of cell division?
Anaphase
Telophase
Interphase
Metaphase
Answer: d
Explanation: Colchicine is an alkaloid in its natural state. It is used to treat acute gout attacks. Colchicine arrests metaphase for the stage of the division of cells.
7. Cell Plate is laid during __________
Cytokinesis
Karyokinesis
Interphase
Metaphase
Answer: a
Explanation: Cytokinesis is a process of cell division that divides the cytoplasm of a parental cell into two daughter cells.
8. Polyploidy may be induced artificially by__________
Self-pollination
Linebreeding
Inbreeding
Colchicine
Answer: d
Explanation: Polyploidy’s condition where diploid cells normally get one or more extra sets of chromosomes. Colchicine can cause polyploidy, artificially.
9. There are chromosomes arranged along the equator ___________
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Answer: b
Explanation: Metaphase is the 2nd level of cell division. During metaphase, the chromosome organizes itself in the middle of the cell.
10. Chiasmata formation takes place during __________
Prophase I
Metaphase I
Anaphase I
Telophase I
Answer: a
Explanation: The formation of chiasmata takes place during prophase I, and chromosomes are duplicated during this period. Chiasmata is a spot where paired chromosomes stay in contact during the first meiosis metaphase.
Test Your Knowledge
1. The word meiosis had been coined by?
Robertson
Blackmann
Flemming
Farmer and Moore
2. During meiosis, chromatids of individual chromosomes separate during ___?
Metaphase I
Anaphase I
Anaphase II
Metaphase II
3. Meiosis is of evolutionary significance as it produces ___?
Gametes
generally similar daughter cells
recommendations
four daughter cells
4. In metaphase I, the centromeres undergo division.
do not divide
divide but do not separate
are not similar
undergo division
5. Call the step of prophase I when synaptonemal complex dissolves when chromatids are transparent and tetrads are considered bivalents?
Pachytene
Diakinesis
Diplotene
Zygotene
The above article provides solved MCQs on Meiosis. The explanations of the MCQs are also given. Students can refer to this article for practicing questions. It will help them to revise the concept of Meiosis.
FAQs on Meiosis MCQs with Answers and Explanations
1. What are MCQs on meiosis?
MCQs on meiosis are multiple-choice questions designed to test understanding of the process of meiosis and its stages. These questions commonly assess knowledge of:
- Definition and purpose of meiosis
- Stages like Meiosis I and Meiosis II
- Concepts such as crossing over, independent assortment, and reduction division
- Differences between mitosis and meiosis
2. What is the correct sequence of stages in meiosis?
The correct sequence of stages in meiosis is Meiosis I followed by Meiosis II, each with four phases. The order is:
- Prophase I
- Metaphase I
- Anaphase I
- Telophase I
- Prophase II
- Metaphase II
- Anaphase II
- Telophase II
3. Why is meiosis called reduction division?
Meiosis is called reduction division because it reduces the chromosome number from diploid (2n) to haploid (n). During Anaphase I, homologous chromosomes separate, leading to:
- Halving of chromosome number
- Formation of haploid cells
- Maintenance of chromosome number across generations
4. What happens during crossing over in meiosis?
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during Prophase I of meiosis. Specifically:
- Occurs between non-sister chromatids
- Takes place at points called chiasmata
- Leads to genetic recombination
5. What is the difference between Meiosis I and Meiosis II?
The main difference between Meiosis I and Meiosis II is that Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes, while Meiosis II separates sister chromatids. Key differences include:
- Meiosis I: Reduction division; chromosome number halves
- Meiosis II: Similar to mitosis; chromosome number remains the same
- Genetic recombination occurs only in Meiosis I
6. How many daughter cells are produced after meiosis?
Meiosis produces four haploid daughter cells from one diploid parent cell. These cells:
- Contain half the original chromosome number (n)
- Are genetically different from each other
- Develop into gametes such as sperm or eggs in animals
7. In which phase do homologous chromosomes separate?
Homologous chromosomes separate during Anaphase I of meiosis. During this stage:
- Spindle fibers pull homologous pairs apart
- Each chromosome moves to opposite poles
- The chromosome number is reduced to haploid
8. What is synapsis in meiosis?
Synapsis is the pairing of homologous chromosomes during Prophase I of meiosis. It involves:
- Alignment of homologous chromosomes
- Formation of a structure called the synaptonemal complex
- Preparation for crossing over
9. What is independent assortment in meiosis?
Independent assortment is the random distribution of homologous chromosome pairs during Metaphase I of meiosis. This means:
- Each pair aligns independently at the equator
- Maternal and paternal chromosomes assort randomly
- Genetic variation increases in gametes
10. How is meiosis important in sexual reproduction?
Meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction because it produces haploid gametes and generates genetic variation. Its importance includes:
- Formation of sperm and ova
- Maintenance of constant chromosome number after fertilization
- Creation of genetic diversity through crossing over and independent assortment
