Ticking Clocks and Turning Calendar Class 4 Maths Chapter 12 CBSE Notes 2025-26

This chapter, “Ticking Clocks and Turning Calendar” from CBSE Class 4 Maths, explores the usage and concepts of calendars and clocks in our daily lives. The chapter begins with Parv’s birthday, which falls on 29 February 2016, illustrating the special nature of leap years. Leap years contain an extra day, 29th February, and occur every four years, making the year 366 days long instead of the usual 365 days.

Understanding Leap Years and the Calendar Students are introduced to the differences in the number of days in February during leap years and non-leap years. For example, February 2024 contains 29 days, while February 2025 has only 28 days. This observation is supported through calendar tables for both years, helping learners notice and count days in each month. The pattern of leap years is highlighted with activities where students fill in sequences of consecutive leap years before and after 2024, reinforcing the four-year interval.

Most years have 365 days, but a leap year has 366 days. Important facts, like the calculation of leap years and month lengths, help children differentiate regular years from leap years. Students also practise recalling months related to important festivals, tying in the utility of knowing months in daily life.

Days of the Week and Dates The chapter provides practice in recognizing and sequencing days of the week, such as identifying “Today”, “Yesterday”, “Tomorrow”, “Day after tomorrow”, and “Day before yesterday”. Students also solve problems like: if 1 July is a Monday, what are the next two Mondays? This builds a sense of weekly progression and calendar skills.

Real-life examples such as birthdays are used; for instance, comparing the ages of Laali and Chotu by their dates of birth, and calculating when their birthdays will be celebrated in future years (Laali’s 5th, Chotu’s 10th). This nurtures understanding of years, months, and days in practical contexts, including the reading and writing of dates in different formats (like DD/MM/YYYY or Month Day, Year).

Expiry Dates and Calendars Across Cultures Students are encouraged to check manufacturing and expiry dates on packaged items—such as biscuits—to determine how old a product is and how many days remain before expiry. This reinforces the significance of tracking time for safety and planning. Activities prompt children to investigate the calendars and months used by different communities—Hindu, Islamic, Sikh, or others—developing an appreciation for cultural diversity in the way time is tracked.

Students are guided to find out when the year begins in other calendars, how their months compare with the English (Gregorian) calendar, and to map festivals and important events. The chapter also encourages exploration of lunar phases such as new moon and full moon days, and naming conventions for such days across communities.

Measuring Time: A Doctor’s Day and Understanding Hours To help understand the concept of hours and minutes within a day, a scenario is given: tracking a doctor’s routines from morning to the next day. Students fill in the number of hours spent on activities like waking up, travelling, working, relaxing, and sleeping. By adding up hours, they see how the 24-hour day is divided among essential activities.

This example is followed by reminders for teachers to explain differences between AM and PM. Children learn that AM is used for morning hours, and PM for evening/night hours. A 24-hour digital clock format is introduced to show how the same time can be written in two different ways (e.g., 8:00 AM is 08:00, while 8:00 PM is 20:00).

Reading and Converting Time Formats The chapter provides a table for converting times between AM/PM and the digital 24-hour clock. Students practice filling in missing values, enhancing their ability to interpret both analog and digital displays. This is essential for modern life, where both formats are often encountered.

Examples reinforce the conversion process: for example, 12:00 AM corresponds to 00:00 hours, 1:00 PM corresponds to 13:00 hours, and so on. Activities also ask students to fill in missing digital or AM/PM times for selected instances.

Adding and Measuring Time: Hours and Minutes Raghav’s journey to fetch milk exemplifies the calculation of time intervals (from 8:20 AM to 8:35 AM = 15 minutes). Further activities include recording homework, reading, and school routines, such as calculating what time a task is finished if a student starts at a certain time and spends a given number of minutes.

Key relations between hours and minutes are emphasized:

• 1 hour = 60 minutes
• Half hour = 30 minutes
• Quarter hour (1/4 hour) = 15 minutes
• Three quarters (3/4 hour) = 45 minutes

Practical activities further encourage students to measure how long they take to boil milk or fill a bucket with water, promoting self-awareness of time use in daily chores.

Reading Clocks: Avoiding Common Mistakes The chapter concludes with an exercise where students evaluate how their friends (Raghu, Raghav, and Rani) read the time from a clock. Some readings are correct and some are common mistakes, allowing discussion and clarification of correct clock reading methods.

Throughout the chapter, teacher notes are provided suggesting ways to make these ideas more relatable—such as comparing times of daily events, making expiry date charts, and regular practice of telling time. Children are encouraged to notice patterns (for example, the way the same date often falls on a similar day of the week in consecutive months), making math more meaningful and hands-on.

This chapter helps students build a foundation in reading calendars and clocks, understanding leap years, measuring time intervals, and applying these skills in real-life scenarios—preparing them to manage time more effectively in everyday life.

Class 4 Maths Chapter 12 Notes – Ticking Clocks and Turning Calendar: Comprehensive Revision Guide

With these CBSE Class 4 Maths Chapter 12 notes, students can quickly review the core concepts about calendars, clocks, leap years, and time measurement. The notes provide easy examples and activities based on real-life scenarios, making learning about days, months, and hours simple and fun. This summary is ideal for last-minute revision and strengthening time-management skills.

These Class 4 Maths “Ticking Clocks and Turning Calendar” notes help clarify important facts—like the difference between regular and leap years, and how to tell the time in AM/PM as well as digital formats. Structured activities reinforce understanding, so children become confident in reading calendars and solving problems about time. Reading these notes supports quick recall and concept clarity for exams and daily life.