Class 2 is one of the influential years of primary education for students of age 7 to 8. The main purpose of this year is to set a strong foundation for the future up-gradation of knowledge. Maths enhances the reasoning and thinking ability in kids, so it plays an important role in gearing the kids for the crude and professional life around the world they are going to deal with in future. The syllabus of class 2 Maths is devised with the aim of preparing the child to step in the outside world with basic knowledge and skills like countings, recognising things, basic calculation, etc.
Understanding Shapes
This chapter deals with the identification of different 2D and 3D shapes we see in our surroundings almost every day. Game is a very interactive way which is used in this chapter to teach kids about the basic shapes. Below are the descriptions of the shapes used in the chapter:
Pointed at one end, flat at the other, but round like a pipe. Eg - Pencil.
Round all round, has no corners. It can roll too. Eg - Ball.
Shapes:
Cylinder- It is a long solid object with a circular base and curved surface.
Sphere- It is a round object with no edges and no corners.
Circle- It is a round flat object.
Rolling and Siding:
Rolling means turning over and over. Objects having a curved surface with no corners can roll. Example - ball, etc.
Sliding means moving smoothly along a surface. Objects having at least one flat surface can slide. Example - box, etc.
Counting In Groups
This chapter introduces counting in groups to develop the concept of multiplication. Counting in groups of 2, 3 and 4 is taught to encourage them to look at the arrangement of things and use the strategy of counting in groups. The exercise also helps the student to guess the approximate number just by seeing the arrangement of groups or things. This chapter helps the student observe the patterns by splitting a big group of objects into the groups of ten. This makes the calculation easier. Every number has different place value like ones, tens, hundreds, thousands and so on.. The chapter ends with a small story giving the introduction to the ranking system.
Groups of Two:
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It follows 2’s table and can be counted as 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and so on.
Groups of Three:
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Counting in groups of three develops the concept of 3’s table and the counting goes like 3, 6, 9, 12 and so on.
Groups of Four:
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This follows the table for 4 which goes like 4, 8, 12, 16 and so on.
Groups of Five:
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The counting for things arranged in groups of five is counted as 5, 10, 15, 20, etc.
Groups of Ten:
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Counting objects in groups of ten is simple which includes counting numbers with zeroes like 10, 20, 30, 40 and so on..
The number of groups of tens becomes the ten of the number. Below are the examples:
The number may not necessarily be a round number having zero at its one’s place. Suppose if there are pencils in three groups of tens and two pencils extra then the total number of pencils is: Three groups of tens + 2.
We know three groups of tens is equal to 30
So
Three groups of tens + 2 = 30 + 3 = 33.
Add the Following Numbers:
4 groups of tens + 6
8 groups of tens + 3
2 groups of tens + 8
5 groups of tens + 1
7 groups of tens + 5
Answers:
4 groups of tens + 6 = 40 + 6 = 46
8 groups of tens + 3 = 80 + 3 = 83
2 groups of tens + 8 = 20 + 8 = 28
5 groups of tens + 1 = 50 + 1 = 51
7 groups of tens + 5 = 70 + 5 = 75
Ranks:
It is the position or order of things or people for a particular activity. Suppose in a race the student who reached the endpoint before all the other participants will be called first. The student who reaches after the first will be called second and so on. Below are the series of the order of ranks.
1st - First
2nd - Second
3rd - Third
4th - Fourth
5th- Fifth
6th - Sixth
7th - Seventh
8th - Eight
9th - Ninth
10th - Tenth
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Comparison
This chapter deals with the concept of measurement of substances on the basis of weight and capacity. The aim of this chapter is to teach students how to compare the weight of different things by holding them in their hands. The exercises include:
Differentiating the objects on the basis of
Weight (i.e, finding out which object is heavier and which is lighter).
Size (i.e, finding out which object is bigger and which smaller).
This chapter also deals with the understanding of ability or strength of a person to carry weights. The quantity of the substance in the container is given and the students are asked how much weight the members of the family can carry.
Given Below are the Exercises:
1) Which of the following objects in the given pairs are heavier and which are lighter.
Apple and Watermelon.
Box and pencil
Table and bed.
Book and lunch box.
Ball and football.
Elephant and dog.
Ant and spider.
Phone and television.
Leaf and fruit.
Truck and cycle
Answer:
2) Which of the following in the given pairs are bigger and which are smaller?
Mouse and cat
Bed and pillow
Bag and box
Carrot and chilli
Papaya and chikoo
Cup and bowl
Hand and leg
Grapes and lichis
Kite and marble
Blackboard and book
Answer:
Days of the Week
There are seven days in a week. Below are the names of the days of a week in order:
First day of the week - Monday
Second day of the week - Tuesday
Third day of the week - Wednesday
Fourth day of the week - Thursday
Fifth day of the week - Friday
Sixth day of the week - Saturday
Seventh day of the week - Sunday
Fill in the blanks:
_________ comes after Sunday
_________ comes before Wednesday
_________ comes after Friday
_________ comes 2days after Monday
_________ comes 3days before Thursday
_________ comes 7days before Tuesday
Answers:
Monday
Tuesday
Saturday
Thursday
Sunday
Tuesday
Months of the Year
There are twelve months in a year each having 30 or 31 days except February. Given below are the names of the months of the year according to the Gregorian Calendar.
January - 31 days
February - 28 days or 29 days.
March - 31 days
April - 30 days
May - 31 days
June - 30 days
July - 31 days
August - 31 days
September - 30 days
October - 31 days
November - 30 days
December - 31 days
Answer the following questions:
Name all the months having 30 days.
Answer: April, June, September, November are the months having 30 days.
Name all the months starting with the letter J.
Answer: January, June, July are the three months starting with the letter J.
What comes after August?
Answer: September comes after August.
Name the months between July and October.
Answer: August and September are the months between July and October.
What comes before March?
Answer: February comes before March.
Which month has less than 30 days?
Answer: February is the month having less than 30 days.
Types of Lines
The line is a long narrow continuous mark. Lines can be straight or curved. There are three types of straight lines:
Standing line - the straight vertical line going up or down is called standing line.
Slanting line - the straight line bent at an angle is called slanting line.
Sleeping line - the straight horizontal line parallel to the floor is called sleeping line.
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Curved Line - A curved line is a line which is not straight but bent in such a way that no corners are formed.
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Addition and Subtraction
Suppose you have 12 chocolates. If you take 3 more, then it is called addition, so the total number of chocolates is 12+3 = 15 and if you give 2 chocolates from 12 then it is called subtraction, so the number of chocolates left is 12 - 3 = 10.
Taking = Addition (+)
Giving = Subtraction (-)
Write the answers to the following:
3+2 = 5
8-5 = 3
1+9 = 10
4-2 = 2
6+3 = 8
10-7 = 3
4+5 = 9
Colours
Given below are the names of sum basic colours
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Measurement
Length - Length is a measurement that tells us how long a thing is. Apart from scale the length of a substance can be measured by:
Finger: Few substances can be measured by the length of our fingers. For example, a leaf is two fingers long, nose is one finger long, a glass is two and a half finger long.
Handspan: Few substances can be measured by the length of our hand. For example, the length of the bucket is two handspan, the length of my hair is three handspan, and the bucket measures 3 hanspan long.
Foot: Few substances can be measured by the length of our foor. For example, the hallroom is 15 foot long.
