Industrial Regions of India

When a number of industries cluster together and enjoy the benefits of their proximity, industrial areas are formed. Due to the favourable locational aspects, they tend to concentrate on specific areas. Major industrial regions are located near Mumbai-Pune cluster, Bangalore-Tamil Nadu region, Hugli area, Ahmedabad-Baroda region, Chottanagpur industrial belt, Vishakhapatnam-Guntur belt, Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region, and Kollam Thiruvananthapuram industrial cluster are some of India's industrial areas in India.

Several Indices are used to Identify Industry Clustering, the most Prominent of which are:

• The number of industrial units in the country

• The number of people employed in the manufacturing industry.

• Amount of power consumed in an industrial setting.

• The total production of industry.

• Manufacturing adds value, for example.

Characteristics of Industrial Towns in India 

The industrial sector typically absorbs primary sector end products and uses them to create finished products that are either purchased by the end-user or sent to be processed or fabricated further. There are two types of heavy industry and light industry in the industrial or secondary sector. The majority of industries convert raw materials into finished goods. The process consumes a significant amount of energy. Manufacturing industries pollute the environment and are a source of environmental issues.

Construction is the process of constructing a structure or fabricating infrastructure. Successful execution necessitates effective planning. Multitasking is required for this activity.

Economists believe that the manufacturing industry generates more money than the service sector. The service industry is considered a wealthy consumer. Typically, countries that export manufactured items have higher marginal GDP growth. This corresponds to a higher standard of living for the residents of that country. Manufacturing aids in the growth of the economy. This industry employs a higher-quality white-collar workforce. In addition, upward social mobility is fostered.

Industrial Regions of India

Mumbai-Pune cluster, Bangalore-Tamil Nadu region, Hugli area, Ahmedabad-Baroda region, Chottanagpur industrial belt, Vishakhapatnam-Guntur belt, Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region, and Kollam Thiruvananthapuram industrial cluster are some of India's industrial regions. The following are some of the topics covered in the Industrial region:

Mumbai Pune Industrial Region

It stretches from Mumbai-Thane to Pune, as well as parts of Nashik and Solapur. In addition, the districts of Kolaba, Ahmednagar, Satara, Sangli, and Jalgaon have experienced tremendous industrial development and are some major industrial areas in India. The placement of the cotton textile industry in Mumbai sparked the development of this district. With its cotton hinterland and humid temperature, Mumbai was an ideal site for the cotton textile industry. To suit the needs of this sector, hydropower was built in the Western Ghats region. The chemical industry grew in tandem with the expansion of the cotton textile industry. Mumbai, Kolaba, Kalyan, Thane, Trombay, Pune, Pimpri, Nashik, Manmad, Solapur, Kolhapur, Ahmednagar, Satara, and Sangli are important industrial centres and Mumbai Pune cluster.

Hugli Industrial Region

It stretches for around 100 kilometres along the Hugli River from Bansberia in the north to Birlanagar in the south. In the west, Medinipur has built an industrial base. The nucleus of this industrial region is Kolkata-Haora. Kolkata has risen to prominence as the country's most important city. Later, railway lines and road links connected Kolkata to the rest of the country. Tea plantations in Assam and the northern hills of West Bengal, indigo processing earlier and jute processing later, as well as the opening of coalfields in the Damodar Valley and iron ore reserves on the Chotanagpur plateau, all contributed to the region's economic development. Its development was aided by cheap labour from densely populated areas of Bihar, eastern Uttar Pradesh, and Orissa.

The cotton textile industry, as well as the jute industry, grew in this region, as did the paper, engineering, textile machinery, electrical, chemical, pharmaceuticals, fertilizer, and petrochemical industries. Kolkata, Haora, Haldia, Serampore, Rishra, Shibpur, Naihati, Kakinada, Shamnagar, Titagarh, Sodepur, Budge Budge, Birlanagar, Bansberia, Belgurriah, Triveni, Hugli, Belur, and others are important to major industrial regions of India.

(Image will be uploaded soon)

Bangalore-Chennai Industrial Region

In the post-independence period, this region experienced the most rapid industrial expansion. Industries were confined to the districts of Bangalore, Salem, and Madurai until 1960, but they have now spread to all of Tamil Nadu's districts except Villupuram. Because this area is far from the coalfields, it is reliant on the Pykara hydropower project, which was erected in 1932. Due to the existence of cotton-growing areas, the cotton textile industry was the first to take root. Along with cotton mills, the loom business grew quickly. 

Bangalore brought together a number of heavy engineering industries. HAL (Hindustan Aeronautics Limited), HTL (Hindustan Telecom Limited), and Bharat Electronics are some of the region's industrial icons. Textiles, rail wagons, diesel engines, radio, light engineering goods, rubber goods, medicines, aluminium, sugar, cement, glass, paper, chemicals, film, cigarette, matchbox, leather goods, and so on are all important businesses. Recent developments include a petroleum refinery near Chennai, an iron and steel mill in Salem, and fertilizer plants.

Gujarat Industrial Region

The nucleus of this region is located between Ahmedabad and Vadodara, but it extends south to Valsad and Surat and west to Jamnagar. Since the 1860s, the development of this region has been linked to the location of the cotton textile industry. With the demise of the cotton textile industry in Mumbai, this region became a major textile region. This region, which is located in a cotton-growing zone, has the advantage of being close to both raw resources and markets. Around Ankleshwar, Vadodara, and Jamnagar, petrochemical industries arose as a result of the discovery of oil reserves. The port of Kandla aided the region's rapid development. The Koyali petroleum refinery supplied raw materials to a variety of petrochemical companies. 

The industrial structure has now become more diverse. Other industries include heavy and basic chemicals, motor, tractor, diesel engines, textile machines, engineering, pharmaceuticals, dyes, pesticides, sugar, dairy products, and food processing, in addition to textiles (cotton, silk, and synthetic materials). Jamnagar just became home to the world's largest petroleum refinery. Major industrial regions are located near Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Bharuch, Koyali, Anand, Khera, Surendranagar, Rajkot, Surat, Valsad, and Jamnagar are important industrial centres in this region.

Chotanagpur Region

The discovery of coal in the Damodar Valley, as well as metallic and non-metallic minerals in Jharkhand and northern Orissa, has aided the growth of this region. Coal, iron ore, and other minerals were close by, making it easier to locate heavy enterprises in this area. This region contains six significant integrated iron and steel plants: Jamshedpur, Burnpur-Kulti, Durgapur, Bokaro, and Rourkela. Thermal and hydroelectric projects have been built in the Damodar Valley to supply the electricity demand.

The densely populated neighbouring regions supply low-cost labour, while the Hugli region provides a large market for the region's industry. Heavy engineering, machine tools, fertilizers, cement, paper, locomotives, and heavy electrical are only a few of the region's major industries. Ranchi, Dhanbad, Chaibasa, Sindri, Hazaribag, Jamshedpur, Bokaro, Rourkela, Durgapur, Asansol, and Dalmianagar are important cities.

Vishakhapatnam-Guntur Region

From Visakhapatnam in the north to Kurnool and Prakasam in the south, this industrial zone stretches. The ports of Visakhapatnam and Machilipatnam, as well as extensive agriculture and mineral deposits in their hinterlands, are critical to the region's industrial development. The Godavari basin's coalfields offer energy. Vishakhapatnam's shipbuilding industry began in 1941. The emergence of various petrochemical businesses was aided by petroleum refineries that used imported petroleum.  

Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut Region

Because this region is remote from mineral and energy resources, the industries are small and focused on the market. The region's main industries include electronics, light engineering, and electrical items. There are also large-scale industries in cotton, woollen, and synthetic fabrics, hosiery, sugar, cement, machine tools, tractor, bike, agricultural implements, chemicals, and vanaspati. The software sector is a relatively new addition to the industry. The Agra-Mathura industrial sector, which specializes in glass and leather items, is located to the south. Mathura is a petrochemical complex because it has an oil refinery. Gurgaon, Delhi, Shahdara, Faridabad, Meerut, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Ambala, Agra, and Mathura are among the industrial cities mentioned.

Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram Region

This industrial zone encompasses the districts of Thiruvananthapuram, Kollam, Alwaye, Ernakulam, and Alappuzha. This region's industrial foundation is based on plantation agriculture and hydropower. Agricultural goods processing and market-oriented light industries predominate in this region, which is located distant from the country's mineral belt. Cotton textiles, sugar, rubber, matchboxes, glass, chemical fertilizers, and fish-based businesses are among the most important. The industries of food processing, paper, coconut coir products, aluminium, and cement are all important. Kollam, Thiruvananthapuram, Alluva, Kocchi, Alappuzha, and Punalur are important industrial centers.